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Assessment of Energy Security of Ukraine in the Implementation of Renewable Energy Technologies
(Національний університет «Полтавська політехніка імені Юрія Кондратюка», 2022) Hilorme, Tetiana; Nakashydze, Liliya V.; Liashenko, Iryna
ENG: The article investigates the definition of indicators of effective assessment of energy security of Ukraine in the implementation of renewable energy technologies based on SWOT analysis. Priority of implementation of technologies using energy of renewable sources on leveling of threats to energy supply of the country is defined. The scientific and methodological approach to assessment of innovative development of Ukraine in the system of energy security using a modified model of SWOT analysis is substantiated. The advantage of the model is compactness of development due to the use of a single platform and efficiency of use due to the absence of the need to reload data into a specialized system. With the help of fractal analysis, a graphical interpretation of the comparison of SWOT analysis components in the innovative development of Ukraine in the system of energy security is built. The peculiarity of the proposed model lies in the fact that the data, having both qualitative and quantitative characteristics, are subject to analysis. As a conclusion, it is proposed to carry out an economic analysis of the factors influencing the prioritization of key technologies in the Ukrainian industry.
Comprehension of Human Existence by Philosophical Anthropology in the Theoretical Space of Modern Historical-Anthropological Concepts
(Ukrainian State University of Science and Technologies, Dnipro, 2022) Aitov, Spartak S.
ENG: Purpose. The paper seeks to prove the thesis of the significance and importance of the theories and methodolog-ical approaches of historical anthropology, which are aimed at understanding the meanings, essence and value sys-tems of human existence in the past for philosophical anthropology. The study of this problem is relevant for under-standing the evolution of human identity with philosophical and anthropological concepts, understanding the es-sence of one’s own existence and attitude to the world. Theoretical basis. The author conducts research in the anal-ysis of the reflexive field of philosophical anthropology and related disciplines, in particular historical anthropology, implemented in the philosophical literature of recent centuries, that is, in the space of non-classical and modern philosophical thought. Originality. I raise and substantiate the theoretical question of the scientific significance of the analysis of human existence in the past thanks to the involvement of theoretical approaches and concepts formed in the reflexive field of modern historical and anthropological research. This forms the prerequisites for understand-ing complex and interdisciplinary explorations of the essence and cultural and spiritual values of human existence. I analyse the problems of the work in the context of the concept of the incompleteness of the project of philosophical anthropology without its involvement in the theoretical achievements of historical-anthropological investigations. Conclusions. In my opinion, modern historical and anthropological studies of the essence and meanings of being a person of the past form an extensive theoretical system. It is realized through such theoretical aspects of comprehen-sion of human existence by historical and anthropological studies as "history of mentalities", "microhistory", "histo-ry of women", "new cultural history", "history of identity", "history of memory", history of mental aspects of politi-cal processes. Methodological approaches and concepts of modern historical anthropology form the basis of mental reconstruction and understanding of the mental and cultural causes and factors of human existence, thanks to the analysis of the evolution of the worldview, behaviour, outlook, various forms of individual and social activity of the individual.
Descartes on Open Knowledge and Human Perfection
(Ukrainian State University of Science and Technologies, Dnipro, 2022) Kolesnykova, Tetiana O.; Malivskyi, Anatolii M.
ENG: Purpose. The purpose is to justify the validity of interpreting Descartes’ teachings as an enquiry into the search for forms and means of improving human nature, which implies a focus on the way he understands the openness of knowledge and education. The problem is considered from the perspective of representatives of university commu-nities (teachers and librarians), historically included in the communication structure and system of the institution, including through the creation, management, use, preservation and dissemination of knowledge. Theoretical basis. One of the tenets of Descartes’ teachings is his desire to improve the human being. For our consideration, it is fun-damentally important that Descartes uses "knowledge" not only in a narrow sense – as natural scientific knowledge, but also in a broader sense. In the context of the theme of the study, the most important case is when the thinker re-calls the knowledge that every person experiences without referring to philosophy. It is this knowledge that, for Descartes, is key in resolving the central problem of his ethics – how can human nature be perfected? For our con-sideration of Descartes’ key points, it is fair to focus on the manifestation of the phenomenon of altruism in Des-cartes’ philosophy and on the representative fact of his inner openness – his willingness to engage in dialogue. He appreciates and encourages his interlocutors to turn to books, which are a form of representation of the vivid person-alities of their authors. Originality. For the first time in the research literature, the thesis of René Descartes as one of the forerunners of the open knowledge system is substantiated. The arguments are given for the validity of Des-cartes’ interpretation of the demand of his own epoch for the search of effective forms of human improvement. Conclusions. The idea of justification of Descartes’ philosophical legacy as a predictor of open knowledge became possible under the condition of paying attention to the anthropological turn he made and finding substantive ana-logues of openness, including open education. Drawing on Christianity as the basis for altruism, Descartes demon-strates a caring attitude towards the achievements of previous generations on the path of personal self-development. His attention is rightly drawn to education and books as representations of vibrant personalities. Their authentic and productive assimilation is possible only under the condition of a caring attitude towards the public good, which in-volves the intellectual volunteering of teachers and librarians. It is about self-realization through altruistic self-improvement, i.e. intellectual charity, which is especially evident today during martial law in Ukraine and is volun-tary, conscious and free work for the benefit of others.
Determination of Features of Formation of Energy Supply Systems with the Use of Renewable Energy Sources in the Transition Period
(ПП «Технологічний Центр», Харків, 2021) Nakashydze, Liliya V.; Gabrіnets, Volodymyr O.; Mitikov, Yurii; Alekseyenko, Sergey; Liashenko, Iryna
ENG: An urgent scientific and practical problem is the formation of energy efficient systems for ensuring climatic conditions in premises based on the use of renewable energy sources. The work has improved the technical and methodological approach to the calculations of energy supply and storage systems when using energy-active fences. The special effectiveness of these fences has been shown in the transitional periods of the year, that is, in spring and autumn. A mathematical model has been developed to reliably predict the process of ensuring temperature comfortable conditions (heat balance) when using nonparametric statistics methods. It will improve the quality of forecasting the effect of external air temperature during the transitional periods of the year. The temperature inside the room is taken into account in the presence of a multilayer energy-active fence. To determine the approach to the use of heat in energy supply systems during the transition period, thermal parameters from the inner and outer sides of the building structure are considered. This makes it possible to take into account changes in the heat transfer of these structures when designing a power supply system and determining the optimal modes of its functioning in various natural conditions. The function of energy-active fences associated with the generation of additional heat into the system, obtained through the conversion of solar radiation energy, is considered. To increase this generation, special multilayer designs of energy-active fencing have been proposed. The proposed thermal modernization with the use of energy-active fences allows, on average, over the cold period of the year, to reduce energy consumption by 3.5 times for industrial and residential buildings.
Feminism and Realization of Gender Subjectivation in the Theoretical Field of Metamodernity
(Critical Gender Studies Network, 2024) Vlasova, Olga P.
ENG: The article aims to conceptualize the architectonics of the feminist philosophy under the theoretical conditions of metamodernism. In this context, it emphasizes the importance of the multidisciplinary research methods. By adopting a gender-differentiated methodology we accentuate the stable relationship between women and the problem of subjectivity, which is still mainly based on the ideology narratives and discourses. As the concept of gender identity is becoming more and more multilateral, it is obvious that its problematizing is closely linked with the concept of identification, which is considered more valid under the conditions of metamodernity. Social identity is still one of the grand narratives in social, political, and philosophic sciences: in contrast to single-hypothesis theories, it is complex and dynamic – gender identification is by all means under the metamodern “umbrella,” too. In contrast to gender identification, feminist approaches are logically straight, being based on the dichotomy “male-female”. The metamodern “pendulum” has swung in the opposite direction to question the postmodern principles, yet the fundamentals of the postmodern philosophy and feminist studies stay remarkably stable. Concerning a certain misunderstanding of feminist philosophy in traditional academic circles, it should be emphasized that it seems an exaggeration to talk about completely different conceptions and meanings of feminist philosophy and gender studies: the main problem remains with the concept of the human nature of men and women.
“Fluid” Temporality: The Conflict of Gender and Age in The Postmodern Socio-Cultural Context
(Aesthetics Media Services, India, 2022) Vlasova, Tetiana I.; Skyba, Eleonora; Vlasova, Olha; Liashenko, Iryna
ENG: Temporality, being an intrinsic property of the subject/object relations in the multiplicity of the socio-cultural and gender narratives, presents one of the most complicated ideas of postmodernity. The project of temporality embraces ambivalent scripts in their “momentous transition”, revealing the attempts at generalizing ages of men and women in the certain “unified” narratives. The latter is expressed in the triad paradigm of “past-present-future” with “present” as the dominating member. While conceptualizing binary oppositions, namely, the dualism “man/woman”, it is evident that nowadays the biological “intrinsic value” of the human being’s identity has become less relevant. The man/woman’s identity is not fixed anymore by anatomy, at present it is “fluid” with the time and age “shifts” of femininity and masculinity. The decentering “situation”, having transformed the temporal aspects of man/woman’s value in the social practices and corresponding narratives, nowadays demands their valorizing by means of the conceptual impact on the transformations of the “liquid temporality”.
Gogol on the Man’s Calling in European Philosophy and Russian Messianism
(Ukrainian State University of Science and Technologies, Dnipro, 2022) Malivskyi, Anatolii M.; Snitko, Dmytro Yu.
ENG: The purpose is to study that period of evolution of Gogol’s position, in which his ideas of russian messianism are most clearly outlined ("Selected Passages" and "The Author’s Confession"). To delineate the forms of determining the influence of messianism on his negative assessments of the anthropology of the Early New Age and the Enlight-enment. Realization of the specified purpose presupposes, first, the analysis of his way of interpreting humanism in the European classical philosophy, and, secondly, to clarify the nature of his connection with the way of substantiat-ing the idea of the Russian messianism. Theoretical basis. Our view of Gogol’s heritage is based on the conceptual positions of phenomenology, existentialism, and hermeneutics. Originality. It is revealed, that period of evolution of Gogol’s position, which most clearly outlines his ideas of russian messianism ("Selected Passages" and "The Author’s Confession"), his position on human nature and its calling is fundamentally different from the position of philosophy of Early New Age and the Enlightenment. If in the first case, it is a question of service to the russian empire, in the last one, it is a question of self-development of the person. Gogol’s dehumanization of those perceptions about the man that have occurred in European classical philosophy is a precondition in justification of russian messianism for him. One of its key factors is a narrow understanding of insight the ideas concerning the spiritual foundation of the world, namely – its reduction to the russian empire. Conclusions. Gogol’s philosophical doctrine of man is only par-tially described as belonging to the "philosophy of the heart". The disadvantage of this qualification is the impossibil-ity of explaining the question of the origins in Gogol’s attempt to substantiate russian messianism. The article demon-strates that the deformation of the basic idea about the connectivity of man with the spiritual arche of the world is its substantive precondition for the philosophy of the Early New Age and the Enlightenment. Gogol narrows it down to the Russian Empire, which makes it impossible to positively delineate the orientations of the russian people. There-fore, his oeuvre during the work on "Selected Passages" and "The Author’s Confession" for future generations is a warning about the futility of a single russian path of development, isolated from European civilization. As the further development of russian thought and history proves, Gogol’s warning as a Ukrainian thinker really has not been heard. A vivid manifestation of this is the cave nationalism that we see today during the russian-Ukrainian war.
Historical Anthropology as the Modern Philosophy of History and Social Anthropology: Interdisciplinary Dialogue
(Дніпровський національний університет імені Олеся Гончара, м. Дніпро, 2022) Aitov, Spartak S.
ENG: The article explores the complex issue of the influence of socio-cultural factors on the emergence of historical anthropology as a modern philosophy of history. The methodology of this work is based on the implementation of the principles of complementarity, structure, dialogicity. The following methods were involved in the study of this issue: philosophical hermeneutics, system-structural, interdisciplinary. Among the ontological categories of historical anthropology as a modern philosophy of history we note: reconstruction, historical explanation, intellectual intuition, microhistorical analysis, interdisciplinary dialogue. The epistemological psychological categories of historical anthropology as a modern philosophy of history include mentality, perception of space and time, worldview. The epistemological socio-cultural categories of historical anthropology as a modern philosophy of history include: socially significant behavior, everyday life, habitus. Among the axiological categories of historical anthropology are: «historical anthropocentrism», «psychological and cultural pluralism», democracy. anthropology is a special field of sociological knowledge. Social anthropology is one of the areas of study of society. Other social sciences are most closely related to it. This understanding corresponds to the name «social anthropology». The differences between the given interpretations of this science are insignificant. To take this factor into account, many researchers use the term «socio-cultural anthropology». In the French intellectual tradition, social anthropology actually coincides with ethnology. Mainly in the cognitive status of «others» were considered societies and cultural traditions, unlike the «Western», «industrial», type of socio-cultural relations. Social anthropology to a large extent and at the present stage of development focuses on this psychological and cultural division. It focuses research interest mainly on societies and cultures that are different from industrialized ones. However, in the modern world, the differentiation of societies according to the bipolar criterion is quite conditional. The scientific dialogue of historical anthropology as a modern philosophy of history with social anthropology gives this area of philosophical knowledge the possibility of further theoretical development. Among them are the following factors: – coverage of a wide range of phenomena and processes of historical existence – in social, ethnic and cultural dimensions; – integration into the problem field of historical anthropology of the study of culture, social organization and psychology of ethnic groups that are at the pre-state level of development; – expansion of intercultural interactions of historical and anthropological studies with socio-humanitarian studies through the analysis of socio-anthropological issues; – application of theoretical approaches to social anthropology in the study of ethnic, socio-cultural and mental aspects of the life of societies of the past; – involvement of concepts and research experience of socio-anthropological studies in the analysis of the historical anthropology of the humanitarian horizon of the principles of modern socio-cultural dynamics.
Historical Anthropology as а Modern Philosophy of History and Theoretical Sociology: Social–Cultural Dynamics Analysis
(Дніпровський національний університет імені Олеся Гончара, 2022) Aytov, Spartak Sh.
ENG: The article analyzes the impact of scientific approaches of historical anthropology as a modern philosophy of history on the theoretical sociology’s understanding of social and cultural dynamics in the planes of “local civilizations” and global. The methodology of this work includes the principles of complementarity, structure, and dialogue. In the study of the problematic field of labor, the following methods were applied: philosophical hermeneutics, systemic-structural, and interdisciplinary. Historical anthropology as a philosophical-historical discipline, that analyzes the mental-cultural horizon of causality, the essence of historical processes and their possible projection into the future has a significant potential for the understanding of global social-cultural dynamics by theoretical sociology. An important problem for its understanding is the analysis of the essence and trends of globalization and civilizational development. The scientific influence of historical anthropology as a modern philosophy of history on theoretical sociology brings to this social and humanitarian discipline conceptual approaches for researching psychological and worldview-cultural causality and the essence of processes, that are part of its problem field. Among the issues that belong to the intellectual space of theoretical and sociological studies and can be effectively investigated using the concepts of historical anthropology, the following should be noted: – the study of the mental and cultural horizon of the social dynamics of civilizational communities – understanding the humanitarian plane of the historical foundations and development trends of “local civilizations”; – study of correlation of globalization and civilizational trends of modern socio-cultural dynamics; – proposing and understanding the scenarios of further global socio-cultural development; – research of the content and features of alternative models of global socio-cultural dynamics and assessment of the probability of their implementation. Solving these cognitive issues by theoretical sociology using the conceptual approaches of historical anthropology as a modern philosophy of history allows this discipline to form knowledge about the important mental and cultural foundations of causality, essence and probable prospects of sociocultural dynamics both at the level of “local civilizations” and at the global level. The significance of the analysis of a wide range of psychological and cultural-worldview foundations of socio-cultural processes is explained by the multifaceted and deep nature of their influence on various segments of global social reality, including economic, demographic, scientific-technological, educational, etc.
Historiosophical Views of I. Giesel in the Publications of Contemporary Researchers
(Дніпропетровський державний університет внутрішніх справ, Дніпро, Україна, 2022) Slobodyanyuk, Mykola A.
ENG: The aim of the research is to analyze the degree of research of the historiosophical ideas of I. Giesel in modern historiography, to define the role and place of these ideas in the sociopolitical thought of the eighteenth century, to determine the relevance of the conceptual provisions of this person in the context of Ukrainian-russian relations. The research methodology is based on the principles of historism, scientific objectivity, a specifc historical systematicity, and also the use of general scientific (analysis, synthesis, generalization) methods. While making this study there were applied general historical methods of making a historiographical and terminological analyses, and also the comparativistics method. The scientific novelty. The author for the first time carried out a comprehensive analysis of modern scientific literature on the study of the views of I. Giesel on the relationship between God and human, on the one hand, and also the state and human, on the other hand. It has been established that modern researchers have not fully covered the role and influence of Giezel’s work on Ukrainian-russian relations and the collective memory of both nations. Conclusions. Modern scholars agree that the historiosophical works of I. Giesel aimed at transforming society on the basis of Christian morality and faith in God. An important role in the implementation of this task should have been played by both sovereigns in state-political area and clergy in the areas of church and morality. At the same time, contemporary authors do not have a single opinion regarding the political views of I. Giezel, his vision of the future of Ukrainian lands and the Giezel’s place in the formation of russian historiography and in the formation of russian historical myth. On the example of I. Giezel, it becomes obvious that the pro-moscow orientation of a significant part of Ukrainians and the phenomenon of “Little russianism”, cannot be explained only by russification or mercantile interests. The reasons for the popularity of these ideas lie much deeper and often go beyond the rational. Without an impartial study of these phenomena, it is impossible to find ways of consensus and consolidation of the Ukrainian nation.
Hohol’s Anthropological Project in the Russian Empire
(Ukrainian State University of Science and Technologies, Dnipro, Ukraine, 2024) Malivskyi, Anatolii M.; Kolesnykova, Tetiana O.; Snitko, D. Y.
ENG: Purpose. To reconstruct Hohol’s point of view on his anthropological project, that is, to identify his answers to the question of what a person is in the dimensions of the essential and the proper. In other words, it is about clarifying Hohol’s position on the principles of Ukrainian existence in the russian empire. Theoretical basis. Our view of Hohol’s legacy is based on the conceptual positions of phenomenology, existentialism and hermeneutics. Originality. For the first time, an attempt is made to study Hohol’s legacy as a development of an anthropological project. In the process of its implementation, the authors reconstructed the main dimensions of this project, using the biography of the thinker, his correspondence, and texts. Close attention to the peculiarities of Hohol’s anthropology allows us to approach the understanding of the theoretical paradoxes of the writer’s worldview and the factors of his early death as a personal life tragedy of a patriot of Ukraine. The point is that Hohol, in the process of searching for forms of realising his high calling, set himself the task of substantiating a utopian goal. For him, the ways of building russia as a great power involve the emasculation of the basic values of European culture and the humiliation of human dignity. Conclusions. In the course of the study of Mykola Hohol’s works, the authors have identified: a) the importance of worldview and philosophical issues; b) the problems of man in his heritage. It is argued that Mykola Hohol, solving the problem of outlining the general features of human nature, at an early stage of his work demonstrated optimism and expressive life-affirming features rooted in Ukrainian centrism. Significant changes in our thinker’s worldview led to his attempts to substantiate an alternative version of the European anthropological project, which involves justifying the insignificance of the average russian citizen and the empire itself at the cost of denying the achievements of European philosophy and science. The painful experience of this theoretical dissonance was a prerequisite for Mykola Vasylyovych’s early tragic death. Today, it is a kind of warning about the impossibility of combining Ukrainian and russian culture, that is, the danger of a nihilistic attitude towards the achievements of European culture, of which Ukraine is an integral part. The authors associate the prospects for further study of Hohol’s legacy with focusing on his: a) criticism of the Enlightenment and b) clarification of the forms of substantive rootedness of his work in Ukrainian philosophy, primarily in the teachings of Hryhorii Skovoroda.
Kant’s Philosophy and the Idea of the Self-Made-Man
(Український державний університет науки і технологій, Дніпро, 2024) Korkh, Oleksandr; Khmil, Volodymyr V.
ENG: Purpose. The authors of this article set the main purpose of understanding the ideological potential of Kant’s philosophical heritage from the viewpoint of its influence on the spread and legitimization of the self-made man idea in the worldview transformations of the modern world. Theoretical basis. Historical, analytical, and hermeneutic methods became fundamental for achieving the goal. The study is based on Kant’s works, as well as on the works of modern researchers of his ideological heritage. Originality. The analysis shows that the idea of the Self-made-man, which originated in the ancient world and gradually spread in the Western culture of the Middle Ages, early Modernism, and especially the Enlightenment, receives significant additional impulses in the context of Kant’s rethinking of the metaphysical foundations in the theory of knowledge and morality. Perhaps, the systematic theoretical substantiation of people’s abilities to use their own mind, their intellectual, and therefore moral autonomy, and freedom of will as the fundamental principles of personal Self-determination and Self-realization became the most important consequence of this rethinking. This, in turn, became the theoretical and moral-legal basis for further legitimization in the modern and postmodern world of the ideal of a person who creates oneself. Conclusions. The importance of Kant’s philosophy in the context of idea generation of the self-made man is hard to overestimate. It is entirely imbued with a leitmotif appeal to the individual to have the courage to use his/her own mind, to be independent and self-sufficient in assessments, choices, and actions, and therefore also responsible for their consequences, in the end, to be primarily an end, not a means. Thanks to this, a person, according to Hegel, finds an unconditionally strong and stable center in oneself. In fact, by strengthening the position of human-centric philosophy, as well as the moral and legal foundations of liberal humanism, Kant’s ideas provided further ideological legitimation in the orientation of an objectively growing individual towards actively placing Self-reliance and Personal responsibility on one’s own destiny as the key principles of the Self-made-man concept.
The Model for Forecasting Sales of Energy Supply Systems Based on Renewable Energy Sources
(Сумський державний університет, 2023) Hilorme, Tetiana; Nakashydze, Liliya V.; Liashenko, Iryna
ENG: Building an effective model for forecasting sales of products (works, services) allows enterprises to achieve the desired level of competitiveness. It is determined that the most relevant for industrial enterprises, engaged in the sale of energy supply systems based on renewable energy sources, are economic and mathematical methods that take into account the seasonality factor. The purpose of the article is to build a model for forecasting sales of energy supply systems based on renewable energy sources. The main research method is correlation and regression analysis. The article substantiates a model for forecasting the sale of energy supply systems to economic agents by industrial enterprises, which is based on determining the functional relationship between the seasonality factor (seasonal component, harmonic component of the model) and the objective function of ensuring an effective time sequence of management decisions/measures and which, unlike the existing ones, takes into account the duration of the seasonality factor, which increases the efficiency of management decisions by optimizing the time lag between their adoption and implementation. As a conclusion, the elasticity coefficient for energy saving costs in order to ensure the competitiveness of industrial enterprise products reaches 100 times the value.
Motif of Death in Ukrainian-Canadian Poetry
(Ukrainian State University of Science and Technologies, Dnipro, 2022) Liashenko, Iryna
ENG: Purpose of the research is to study the originality of interpretation of death in the lyrics of Ukrainian diaspora in Canada in the context of the opposition "foreign land – motherland", based on its existential development in philosophical anthropology and culture of the last two centuries. Its implementation presupposes, first of all, analysis of the forms of development and disclosure of the death motif by figurative and artistic means. Theoretical basis. The author uses the well-founded tradition of interpreting the death motif in philosophical literature of the last centuries, i.e. non-classical and modern philosophical thought. Originality. The present study is an attempt at systematization of the notions of death in Ukrainian poetry in Canada in the second half of the 20th century. It is based on the study of artistic texts and the worldview of Ukrainian emigrants. Appeal to the fiction of the Ukrainian Diaspora allows illustrating the originality of philosophical understanding of death in the context of the national culture. Conclusions. Reference to Ukrainian-Canadian poetry allows expanding the space of philosophical understanding of death in the form of figurative fiction. Concretizing the character of their interpretation of the motif of death, it is necessary to focus attention on its two basic forms of manifestation: existential, associated with living abroad, and sacrificial death for the benefit of the homeland. Thus, the motif of death occupies a significant place in the lyrics of representatives of the Ukrainian diaspora. The concept of human death is closely connected with the concept of life, which is concretized through their meaningful comprehension. This is a matter of interpretation of despair and loneliness motifs, as well as the illumination of the images of a foreign land, which is one of the features of emigrant literature in general.
Philosophical Conceptions and Theoretical Foundations of Historical Anthropology as a Modern Philosophy of History Forming
(Дніпровський національний університет імені Олеся Гончара, 2024) Aytov, Spartak Sh.
ENG: The article analyzes the impact of methodological approaches of philosophical thought on the formation of historical anthropology as a modern philosophy of history. The methodology of this work is based on the principles of complementarity, structure, and dialogue. In the study of labor problems, methods were involved: philosophical hermeneutics, systemic-structural, interdisciplinary. Historical anthropology as a version of the philosophy of history, which explores the mental-cultural plane of causes, the essence of historical processes and their possible projection into the future, has a significant potential for understanding the global social-cultural dynamics in past eras through philosophical-historical concepts. An important condition for the implementation of this scientific task is the analysis of the formation of the theoretical foundations of historical-anthropological dimensions of philosophical-historical thought. The study of the specified problem field is based on the study of the philosophical theories of R. G. Collingwood, K. Lévi-Strauss, and M. Foucault. The main ideas of R. G. Collingwood, which are important for the formation of the concepts of historical anthropology as a modern philosophy of history, include the understanding of the philosophical potential of historical thought; the need to combine philosophical concepts and historical methodologies; the importance of understanding the mental and cultural horizon of the past through the philosophy of history. Among the factors influencing the structuralist concepts of K. Lévi-Strauss on the formation of the theoretical foundations of historical anthropology as a modern philosophy of history, it is possible to single out the analysis of mythological elements of perception of the world by protosocieties; identification and studies of unconscious components of psychology and culture of societies of the specified type, implementation of scientific interactions of historical knowledge and ethnology. Important concepts of M. Foucault, which influenced the formation of theoretical approaches of historical anthropology as a modern philosophy of history, includes the analysis of unconscious elements of the psyche of societies in different eras of the past; understanding the phenomenon of «otherness» in history; study of mental representations in European society about mental illnesses; research on the understanding of the phenomenon of madness in Western European art; studies of the mentality of doctors in the Early Modern Time. The theoretical foundations of historical anthropology as a modern philosophy of history, which were formed under the influence of philosophical concepts, include the ontological, epistemological and axiological planes. The ontological plane is manifested in the formation of the problem field of historical-anthropological studies, the mental-cultural horizon of the past. Its composition includes: analysis of the subconscious foundations of psychology and mythological systems of proto-societies and early-historian societies; understanding the communities’ perception of the specified types of various socio-cultural phenomena, in particular diseases and means of treatment; the attitude of societies to certain social groups, in particular to doctors; analysis of the perception of political power and the mechanisms of formation of its social-psychological foundations. The epistemological plane is revealed in the formation of historical-anthropological concepts of methods of analysis of deep, unconscious aspects of the psychological and cultural dimension of past eras; effective application of an interdisciplinary approach in the analysis of mental phenomena and social behavior; realization of cognitive interaction of methodological approaches of ethnology and historical anthropology. The axiological plane consists in stimulating the spread in the understanding of the mental-cultural horizon of historical processes of the values of humanism, pluralism and the equality of cultures and civilizations of the past and the present; dialogue of various cultures, worldview systems and intellectual traditions.
Postmodern Conflictology: Issues of Theory and Approaches to Methodology
(Publishing House "Grani", 2021) Vlasova, Tetiana I.; Pshinko, Oleksandr M.; Vlasova, Olga P.
ENG: The problematization of the classical concepts in the postmodern philosophy has created some definite challenges that stipulate the development of the “Theory” in its interdisciplinary conceptual meanings and practical applications. The latter demands a certain “list” of the new notions and implies requirements for theorists to reflect the scientific diversity without reducing it to any kind of “theoretical unity”. For these reasons the purpose of this article is the conceptual reconstruction of the notion of the conflict in the specific postmodern context of its sociocultural, political and ethical meanings and senses. The methods of the research are mainly based on the principle of the anthropocentric paradigm, which stipulates the use of the interdisciplinary comparative-critical approaches and social construction methods in the general problematic field of postmodernism. While analysing conflict theories such schools of philosophy as existententialism, phenomenology and pragmatism are considered to be valid in the descriptions of both the actual conditions of the individual human existence and abstract human qualities. The practical aspects of this paper involve the empirical representation of the principles of the value and the sense in the problematic aspects of conflict resolution with the stress on the concepts of the discoursive communication. The obtained results allow to come to the conclusion that the most influential transformations are connected with such postmodern conflict problems as asymmetrical threats and unstable security architecture. The latter proves that the methodological approaches to conflictology should be evaluated from the point of presumably successful resolutions against the background of different spatial and temporal factors, which, in its turn, means creating new administrative modalities of conflict management. It should be stressed that in the context of the conflictological tendencies of the globalizing societies the special place should be occupied by the principles of K.- O. Apel’s discoursive ethics and M. M. Bakhtin’s doctrine of the “responsible dialogism”. Nowadays political approaches cannot be effective in the conflict resolutions without the classical ideals and the absolutes, without the impact of the Pathos, which means implied significance of the “relatively Utopian” ideas and their application in the conflict resolution, the potential possibilities of their realization in the conflict situations.
Recreational Space as the Embodiment of the Garden of Eden Archetype
(Український державний університет науки і технологій, Дніпро, 2024) Merylova, Іryna О.; Sokolova, Kateryna V.
ENG: The purpose of the article is to research the spiritual basis and motivation of human activity in the relationships between humans and the natural environment to create various forms of recreational spaces in the socio-cultural context of the post-industrial era. Theoretical basis. The research is based on the approach of analytical psychology by C. Jung, who identified the archetypes of the collective unconscious. These archetypes help overcome the limita-tions of the functional and pragmatic approach, which is focused on mere survival. They make sense and provide values in the relationship between humans and nature. Originality. The article evaluates how archetypal images of the collective unconscious, with the help of the Garden of Eden image in the socio-cultural context of European civilization, influence the recreational space in contemporary urban environments. The novelty of the work is also in the interdisciplinary approach, integrating knowledge from various fields such as philosophy, sociology, cultural studies, analytical psychology, and urban planning, which contributes to the profound understanding of complex socio-cultural processes. This paradigm emphasizes the interconnection and interdependence, adaptability, and co-evolution of society and nature, as well as requires the interdisciplinary methodological approach. Additionally, the article presents a fresh perspective on nature and its elements in terms of their importance both for individuals and society. Conclusions. The article investigates the socio-cultural factors that evoke the interest of man and society in natural factors as a recreational resource and determine the latest theoretical approaches to their use. Various recrea-tional activities to create a renewed space provide a person with a full physical, socio-psychological and cognitive development. The humanization of the natural environment becomes the embodiment of the collective memory and history of mankind. The recreational space symbolizes spiritual values, so it is transformed from physical to socio-cultural and provides theoretical approaches to its implementation in modern urban planning practices.
Rethinking Ukraine Through Modern American Cinematograph
(Hindawi, 2021) Nakashydze, Iryna S.; Radkevich, Tetiana O.
EN: It has been considered that modern North American films try to reopen and rethink Ukraine after two revolutions of the beginning of the 21st century. They are attempts to give foreigners an analysis of Ukrainians’ mentality and national regeneration through violence in its contemporary history. Received results can be deepen in future
Альтернативні напрями розвитку пасажирських залізничних компаній в Україні
(Дніпровський державний аграрно-економічний університет, ТОВ "ДКС Центр", м. Дніпро, 2019) Бандурко, Анна Олександрівна; Марценюк, Лариса Володимирівна; Власова, Ольга Петрівна
UKR: Стаття присвячена обґрунтуванню теоретико-методологічних постулатів інноваційного розвитку пасажирських компаній шляхом організації залізничного туризму в сучасних умовах господарювання, що формуються під постійним впливом внутрішніх та зовнішніх факторів. На підставі головних економічних інтересів туристичних компаній, що використовують залізничні перевезення, визначено функції кожного з учасників. Визначено основні організації зовнішнього середовища, що впливають на діяльність залізничної туристичної компанії. Сформовано науково-практичний підхід щодо визначення оптимальних структур управління туристичними перевезеннями. В залежності від пайової участі в уставному капіталі встановлено три основних варіанти управління залізничним туризмом. В результаті впровадження запропонованих структур управління можливо застосування успішного у всьому світі державно-приватного партнерства – концесії, внаслідок чого вітчизняні та закордонні приватні інвестори, державне підприємство «Укрзалізниця» та органи місцевого самоврядування отримають додаткові грошові надходження, а пасажири – цікавий, доступний та безпечний вид відпочинку – залізничний туризм.
Антонімічні відношення в українських пареміях мовленнєвої семантики
(ГО «Європейська наукова платформа», Вінниця, 2021) Лагдан, Світлана Петрівна
UK: У статті подано опис антонімічних пар у складі українських прислів’їв та приказок, що позначають мовленнєві дії та якості мовців. Відповідно до прийнятої в мовознавстві традиційної класифікації антонімів за семантичними особливостями виокремлено їх градуальні, комплементарні, векторні та координатні види. Зазначено, що найбільшу кількість складають паремії з градуальними та комплементарними антонімами, а найменшу – із координатними. Акцентовано, що протиставлення, характерне для структурної організації паремій, сприяє яскравому й точному уявленню означуваного явища.

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