Статті КАВП (ДМетІ)
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Browsing Статті КАВП (ДМетІ) by Author "Manachyn, Ivan O."
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Item Analysis and Research of the Causes and Course of Degradation of Lithium Batteries(EDP Sciences-Web of conferences, 2024) Buriak, Serhii Yu.; Gololobova, Oksana O.; Havryliuk, Volodymyr I.; Serdiuk, Tetiana M.; Voznyak, Oleh M.; Manachyn, Ivan O.ENG: Energy storage devices based on lithium technology are confidently leading the respective market due to their significant advantages over other technologies in the industry. Despite their relatively recent history of appearance, they managed to undergo many modifications of both physical and chemical components. One of the constant goals of all research in this field is the formation of knowledge about the degradation processes occurring inside a given chemical current source, and ways to influence them. Systematization and identification of the fundamental reasons for the decrease in the performance of lithium batteries still remains a topical issue of today, and therefore is considered in this article. And no matter how studied this issue looks, taking into account the existing many long-term experimental data of a huge number of scientists and a number of different types of companies, but still, optimization of work is impossible without identifying and eliminating as many destructive factors as possible in battery operation. The difficulty of this process lies also in the fact that, taking into account all the high-tech production processes in the world, there are no two identical lithium current sources. On the example of a single battery, the ability to maintain high performance, close to nominal, was demonstrated from a source that, due to its lifetime, should not have had them. The data obtained during the experiment, which confirmed the high performance, show once again that the issue of degradation of lithium current sources can and should be studied further.Item Change in Slag Composition and Sulfur Content of Hot Metal in the Process Chain of Blast Furnace — Hot Metal Desul furization Complex — Converter (BOF)(Publishing House “Akademperiodyka”, Kyiv, 2024) Shevchenko, A. P.; Kysliakov, Volodymyr G.; Dvoskin, B. V.; Manachyn, Ivan O.ENG: Introduction. Modern conditions of iron and steel making industry require production of high-quality competitive metal products. Thus, the removal of sulfur at the lowest cost has been becoming increasingly important. Problem Statement. The major amount of sulfur in iron and steel making comes with charge materials in sintering blast furnace production. When using out-of-furnace processing of hot metal in hot metal desulfurization and slag removal facilities, the degree of hot metal desulfurization can be 75—99%. This ensures the production of hot metal with a sulfur content in the range of 0.002—0.015%. Purpose. The analysis of changes in the sulfur content of hot metal and in the slag composition in the process chain of steel production, followed by the development of technical solutions and process methods to eliminate the resulfurization of hot metal. Materials and Methods. Our calculations, based on the actual data of Ukrainian and Chinese iron and steel making facilities. The selected samples of slag and hot metal have been analyzed with the use of raster spectral microscopy methods. In the studies of sulfur content at various stages of smelting, the method of material balance calculation has been employed. Results. In the slag phase, along with systems of CaO ∙ SiO2 ∙ Al2O3 type with different ratios of components containing 0.2—3.5% sulfur, CaxSiyAlz type systems containing up to 1% sulfur have been detected. In the beads, the sulfur content varies within 0.1—0.85%. Sulfur is present in the form of sulfides of (Fe, Mn)S type, mainly MnS, while in non-metallic inclusions of the beads, the sulfur content ranges within 15—30%. The residing ladle slag after desulfurization should not exceed 0.5—0.7 kg/t of hot metal. Conclusions. To prevent the resulfurization of hot metal during its discharge from a blast furnace, it is advisable to rationalize ladle slag modes, by adjusting ladle slag composition, increasing the degree of ladle cleaning from the slag residing from previous loads and inducing a slag cover in the absence of ladle slag. The conducted studies have shown that sulfur from the slag does not return to the hot metal and resulfurization does not occur, which is explained by the protective effect of residual magnesium.Item Selection of Optimal Lithium Battery Technology for Backup Power Supply of Automatics Systems in Railway Transport(Printing House “Technologija”, Kaunas, Lithuania, 2024) Buriak, Serhii Yu.; Gololobova, Oksana O.; Serdiuk, Tetiana M.; Voznyak, Oleh M.; Yehorov, Oleh I.; Manachyn, Ivan O.; Radzikhovskyi, KostiantynENG: The article presents the results of the research into batteries based on lithium technology. An analysis of all the most widely represented lithium battery technologies was carried out with an assessment of their main parameters. The research was aimed at studying the performance characteristics of the six most common technologies for the production of chemical power sources using lithium, which are currently the most developed and are manufactured on a mass production scale. A comparative analysis showed that the features of each of them should be taken into account in order to optimize the choice of parameters for batteries with different technologies when solving various industrial and household problems, since this approach will make it possible to further use their differences with the greatest efficiency. The most suitable areas for practical application of each type of lithium battery are given, taking into account the individual characteristics of their performance. Also, from a practical point of view of highly efficient use of electrical energy storage devices, as a constant consumer of especially large volumes of energy carriers, the transport industry is considered, which has a great interest in improving technologies in order to improve the quality of equipment, increase the safety of the transportation process and the economic efficiency of the type of activity being carried out. This analysis was carried out using the example of their use in backup power supply systems for railway automatics devices. The advantages of replacing backup power sources based on the traditional method of storing electrical energy using lead-acid batteries with batteries made using lithium technology are shown. At the same time, to determine the appropriate technology, the specifics of the application conditions were first taken into account, since this type of energy source belongs to the category of guaranteed energy supply. The research results obtained allow us to compare lithium batteries to identify selection criteria for specific tasks based on their performance characteristics.