Browsing by Author "Kharchenko, Olesia I."
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Item Capital Investments in the Context of Sustainable Development of Railways(Dnipro National University of Railway Transport named after Academician V. Lazaryan, 2019) Kharchenko, Olesia I.; Okorokov, Andrii; Vernigora, Roman V.; Tsuprov, Pavlo; Papakhov, Oleksandr Yu.; Logvinova, Nataliia A.ENG: Abstract. Ukraine, due to its geographical position and developed transport infrastructure, has significant potential as a transit country, primarily in the supply chain of trade between Asia and Europe. According to the estimates of the British Institute for Transport Rendell Ukraine, the transit coefficient of Ukraine is 3,75 (with a maximum of 5); This is the best indicator among the countries of Europe (for comparison, in Poland, which occupies the second place, this indicator is 2,92). Nowadays, Ukraine uses its transit potential extremely insufficiently and inefficiently; over the past 10 years, the volume of transit traffic through the territory of Ukraine has declined by more than 2,5 times, primarily due to the fall in transit traffic by rail. One of the reasons for this situation is, of course, the general political and economic situation in the country. However, there are a number of other negative factors that prevent Ukraine from fully and effectively using its transit potential. These problems lie both in the purely technical plane (deterioration of transport infrastructure and rolling stock, lack of capacity of the main transport routes, underdevelopment of logistics terminals in the country and at land borders, difference in width with the European railway system) and the legislato-thick (high level of port dues, bureaucratization and regulation of customs procedures, lack of flexible tariff policy for carriers, etc.).Item Formation of Indexes System of the Sustainable Development of Railway Transport divisions(Дніпропетровський національний університет залізничного транспорту імені академіка В. Лазаряна, Дніпропетровськ, 2014) Kharchenko, Olesia I.EN: Purpose. The analysis of the national and foreign literature shows that the approach to the problem of sustainable development at present time has the coupled problem. On the one hand, the problem for today is relevant and it is the center of scientists’ attention. On the other hand, in existing research remains underdeveloped methodological and theoretical framework for the sustainable development of enterprises. The aim of the given work is to develop a system of indicators for sustainable development of railway transport divisions for further construction of mathematical models of functioning railway transport divisions from the standpoint of sustainable development. Methods. For achievement of this goal the concept of a sustainable development of the transport sector reveals. This refers to the development that can provide on balanced perspective solving problem of socio-economic development, reduce environmental impact and provide with the current and subsequent needs of different sectors of human activity. As the index characterizing development of railway transport divisions in the direction of resource-saving, it is offered to use integral criterion of efficiency; the ecological component of a sustainable development of railway transport divisions is offered to be evaluated based on the indexes reflecting brought to the money equivalent change of bursts of the contaminating substances in the atmosphere and noise environmental pollution; the social component of process of functioning railway transport divisions can be evaluated directly by the amount of monetary assignments on measures for salary increase of workers in divisions, and also on social programs (expenditures on health care, sanitarian resort expenditures, etc.) and programs for training of workers in divisions, and also were considered an index of development in the direction of service quality improvement. Results. As a result of the formation of the system of indicators for sustainable development of railway transport divisions were received the integral index, which reflects the basic principle of sustainable development. Academic novelty. The new development approach of the indexes system characterizing a sustainable development of railway transport divisions unlike the existing quantitative indices is offered (in particular on railway transport); don’t allow to estimate efficiency of actions and to provide the sustainable development. The indexes received in this operation allow carrying out an assessment to functioning of railway transport divisions from a line item of a sustainable development, namely: to implementation of resource-saving technologies, lowering of influence of technogenic system on environment, support of a social component of development, customer service improvement of quality. Practical importance. The structural reform of railway transport of Ukraine, which is held at present time, requires in the shortest time solving problems of industry improvement. The integrated index of sustainable development, proposed in the given work, allows evaluating the efficiency of the railway transport divisions from the standpoint of sustainable development.Item Mathematical Model of Railway Functioning from the Perspective of Sustainable Development(National Mining University, Dnipro, 2017) Kharchenko, Olesia I.EN: Purpose. The article is aimed to ensure the most efficient variant of railway functioning from the perspective of sustainable development. Methodology. A comprehensive analysis of works in the field of increasing the functioning of railway transport subdivisions and implementing the principles of sustainable development was carried out. This analysis makes it possible to identify the main directions of increasing the efficiency of railway functioning from the perspective of sustainable development. The model of railway functioning was developed using the mathematical apparatus of the theory of sets and graphs that allows structuring the railway as a complex system. The basic stages and the relationships during the simulation of railway functioning processes at the macro and micro levels were shown. Findings. A mathematical model of the railway functioning was developed on the basis of which the simulation of the railway functioning process is carried out at two levels. The macro level is the simulation of the car traffic volume displacement in the transport network within the railway and the micro level is the simulation of processing the car traffic volume at the stations of the railway. Originality. The article includes an adequate description of the process of railway functioning from the perspective of sustainable development, based on the apparatus of the theory of sets and graphs. Practical value. On the basis of the proposed model of the railway functioning at the macro level it is possible to solve the problems of optimal distribution of freight operation not only between the stations encompassing the approach lines of the mining enterprises, but also between all railway stations perating local car traffic volumes. Using the proposed model of functioning of the technical freight station at the micro level the problem of determining the optimal quantitative characteristics of the production capacities of the stations is solved.Item A New Method for Solving the Problem on the Organization of Wagon Flows Under Condition of Energy Efficiency of Transportation(НВП ПП «Технологічний центр», м. Харків, 2017) Papakhov, Oleksandr Yu.; Logvinova, Nataliia A.; Kharchenko, Olesia I.; Milyanych, Andriy R.; Sichenko, Victor G.ENG: The paper considers solving a problem of rational organization of wagon flows in a polygon of selected technological rail-road stations using a technique for solving a knapsack problem employing set functions. Based on the results of present work, the authors developed a method for solving a knapsack-type problem that makes it possible to adapt the algorithm of solving a vector optimization problem to the rational system of organizing wagon flows in trains without using differentiation operations and to solve a basic optimization problem employing the Lagrange multipliers. The applicability of the Lagrange method was proved for the problems on a conditional extremum in terms of set functions. Its special feature is the rejection of Boolean variables. We confirmed correctness of the mathematical notation of solution to a knapsack-type problem and proved adequacy of the proposed algorithm, as well as adapted it for adjusting a plan of freight trains formation in order to improve energy efficiency of transportation. By reducing the complexity of the problem, it has become possible to reduce computer processor time needed for calculation, and employ this algorithm when designing an automated work place (AWP) for an engineer responsible for planning the formation of trains. It should be specially noted that a reduction of the time needed to solve a problem makes it possible to timely adjust the plan of freight trains formation, to eliminate a lot of irrational variants when handling wagons at technical stations. The proposed algorithm helps identify variants to direct train flows to the most promising destinations at minimal energy cost for transportation. Limitations of the proposed approach include a closed cycle of routes of the loaded wagons and part of these routes traveled unloaded until the next load¬ing. In some cases, there is a need to change a weight of the train composition, associated with fractures of weight, and, therefore, a change in the balance between wagon flows and train flows.