Катеринославська (дніпропетровська) римо-католицька парафія у 20-ті роки ХХ сторіччя
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Date
2021
Authors
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Миколаївська обласна організація Національної спілки краєзнавців України
Abstract
UKR: У статті висвітлено обставини, в яких існувала Катеринославська (Дніпропетровська) римо-католицька парафія святого Йосипа у непрості для вірян всіх конфесій 20-ті роки ХХ ст. Антирелігійна політика, що її проводила радянська влада, не створювала сприятливих умов для вільного сповідування віри. Католики жили в атмосфері нагляду, фінансового тиску, втручання у внутрішні справи спільноти з боку влади. Відсутність масових репресій проти Римо-Католицької Церкви до кінця 20-их років давала можливість громадам РКЦ діяти. У Катеринославі (Дніпропетровську) діяв костел, парафія мала священника, існувала громада, але кількість парафіян у 1920-ті роки суттєво зменшилася у порівнянні з дореволюційним періодом.
ENG: The article highlights the circumstances in which the Ekaterinoslav (Dnipropetrovsk) Roman Catholic parish of St. Joseph existed in the difficult 20s of the 20th century for religious person of all denominations. The anti-religious policy pursued by the Soviet authorities did not create favorable conditions for the free practice of religion. Catholics lived in an atmosphere of surveillance, financial pressure, and interference in the internal affairs of the community by the authorities. The absence of severe repression against the Roman Catholic Church until the end of the 1920s enabled the communities of the RCC to operate and their number in Ukraine, as well as in the Katerynoslav (Dnipropetrovsk) district, grew. The inhabitants of the cities were less religious than the peasants. This is evidenced by calculations performed for Ekaterinoslav (Dnepropetrovsk), Kamyanskе and Yamburg. In Katerynoslav (Dnipropetrovsk) in the 1920s there was a Roman Catholic community. Compared with the pre-revolutionary period, the number of its religious person has decreased significantly. The reason for this decrease was not only the emigration of Poles, but also the fact that in the anti-religious policy of the government many of them were afraid to express their position publicly, and some «did not resist» Bolshevik’s propaganda (only 6% of the total number of Poles were parishioners of St. Joseph’ Church). In the second half of the 1920s, the attendance of this church decreased. There is a high probability that the church in Katerynoslav (Dnipropetrovsk) was permanent during 1923-1929.
ENG: The article highlights the circumstances in which the Ekaterinoslav (Dnipropetrovsk) Roman Catholic parish of St. Joseph existed in the difficult 20s of the 20th century for religious person of all denominations. The anti-religious policy pursued by the Soviet authorities did not create favorable conditions for the free practice of religion. Catholics lived in an atmosphere of surveillance, financial pressure, and interference in the internal affairs of the community by the authorities. The absence of severe repression against the Roman Catholic Church until the end of the 1920s enabled the communities of the RCC to operate and their number in Ukraine, as well as in the Katerynoslav (Dnipropetrovsk) district, grew. The inhabitants of the cities were less religious than the peasants. This is evidenced by calculations performed for Ekaterinoslav (Dnepropetrovsk), Kamyanskе and Yamburg. In Katerynoslav (Dnipropetrovsk) in the 1920s there was a Roman Catholic community. Compared with the pre-revolutionary period, the number of its religious person has decreased significantly. The reason for this decrease was not only the emigration of Poles, but also the fact that in the anti-religious policy of the government many of them were afraid to express their position publicly, and some «did not resist» Bolshevik’s propaganda (only 6% of the total number of Poles were parishioners of St. Joseph’ Church). In the second half of the 1920s, the attendance of this church decreased. There is a high probability that the church in Katerynoslav (Dnipropetrovsk) was permanent during 1923-1929.
Description
Н. Мосюкова: ORCID 0000-0002-9568-4681
Keywords
римо-католики, Катеринослав (Дніпропетровськ), радянська влада, антирелігійна політика, костел, Roman Catholics, Ekaterinoslav (Dnipropetrovsk), Soviet authorities, anti-religious policy, church, КФП
Citation
Мосюкова Н. Г. Катеринославська (дніпропетровська) римо-католицька парафія у 20-ті роки ХХ сторіччя. Старожитності Лукомор'я. 2021. № 1(4). С. 25–33. DOI: https://doi.org/10.33782/2708-4116.2021.1.45