Повертаючись до Саїда та його «орієнталізму»
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Date
2024
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Дніпровський національний університет імені Олеся Гончара, Дніпро
Abstract
UKR: У статті аналізується вплив концепції орієнталізму Едварда Саїда на сучасну геополітичну ситуацію. Автори стверджують, що критика орієнталізму хоча і мала значний вплив на академічний дискурс та внутрішню політику західних країн, не призвела до фундаментальних змін у глобальній геополітичній стратегії. Розглядаються два ключові аспекти: природний зв’язок між знанням і владою, який неможливо змінити антиколоніальними деклараціями, та зміщення фокусу колоніального дискурсу на нові регіони, зокрема не-західну Європу. Аргументовано думку, що сила сучасної держави полягає у здатності динамічно роздвоювати свій образ на внутрішній та зовнішній, демонструючи різні обличчя суспільству та зовнішнім партнерам. На прикладі США показано, як внутрішній антиколоніальний дискурс співіснує з незмінною зовнішньополітичною стратегією глобального домінування. Стаття підважує ілюзії щодо можливості зміни фундаментальних основ зовнішньої політики США, яка залишається незмінною з 1941 року. Автори наголошують на продовженні стратегії формування глобальної залежності від Заходу. Зроблено висновок про те, що критика орієнталізму нездатна вплинути на трансформації геополітичних інтересів західних держав в сучасному контексті.
ENG: This article examines the impact of Edward Said’s concept of Orientalism on the contemporary geopolitical landscape. The authors argue that while the critique of Orientalism has significantly influenced academic discourse and domestic policies in Western countries, particularly the United States, it has not led to fundamental changes in global geopolitical strategy. The paper focuses on two key aspects: the natural connection between knowledge and power, which cannot be altered by anti-colonial declarations, and the shift of colonial discourse to new regions, specifically non-Western Europe. The authors posit that the strength of a modern state lies in its ability to dynamically bifurcate its image into internal and external faces, presenting different aspects to its society and foreign partners. Using the United States as a case study, the article demonstrates how internal anti-colonial discourse coexists with an unchanging foreign policy strategy of global dominance. The authors criticize the illusions about the possibility of changing the fundamental principles of US foreign policy, which has remained consistent since 1941. The paper emphasizes the continuation of a strategy aimed at fostering global dependence on the West, despite anti-colonial rhetoric. The article explores the complex interplay between domestic movements for social justice and decolonization, and the pragmatic realities of international relations. It argues that the deconstruction of Orientalism, while challenging the legitimacy of historical colonial practices, has not transformed the core geopolitical interests of Western states. The authors contend that the apparent dichotomy between internal anti-colonial discourse and external policy reflects both the complexity and strength of states like the US, where domestic and foreign policies can be shaped by different institutional and ideological forces. The paper also discusses the expansion of the concept of liberal democracy as an export product to regions deemed lacking in popular sovereignty. In conclusion, the article suggests that the critique of Orientalism, despite its academic and cultural impact, has been effectively neutralized in geopolitical practice. This is achieved through a shift in focus to regions not traditionally considered part of the «old» Western colonies, allowing for the implementation of economic partnership policies without the moral self-flagellation associated with charges of Orientalism. The paper ultimately argues that renaming reality does not change its underlying structure, and that the postmodern belief in the power of language to transform geopolitical realities is akin to magical thinking. It concludes that the critique of Orientalism has not fundamentally altered the eternal principles and interests guiding global geopolitical strategies.
ENG: This article examines the impact of Edward Said’s concept of Orientalism on the contemporary geopolitical landscape. The authors argue that while the critique of Orientalism has significantly influenced academic discourse and domestic policies in Western countries, particularly the United States, it has not led to fundamental changes in global geopolitical strategy. The paper focuses on two key aspects: the natural connection between knowledge and power, which cannot be altered by anti-colonial declarations, and the shift of colonial discourse to new regions, specifically non-Western Europe. The authors posit that the strength of a modern state lies in its ability to dynamically bifurcate its image into internal and external faces, presenting different aspects to its society and foreign partners. Using the United States as a case study, the article demonstrates how internal anti-colonial discourse coexists with an unchanging foreign policy strategy of global dominance. The authors criticize the illusions about the possibility of changing the fundamental principles of US foreign policy, which has remained consistent since 1941. The paper emphasizes the continuation of a strategy aimed at fostering global dependence on the West, despite anti-colonial rhetoric. The article explores the complex interplay between domestic movements for social justice and decolonization, and the pragmatic realities of international relations. It argues that the deconstruction of Orientalism, while challenging the legitimacy of historical colonial practices, has not transformed the core geopolitical interests of Western states. The authors contend that the apparent dichotomy between internal anti-colonial discourse and external policy reflects both the complexity and strength of states like the US, where domestic and foreign policies can be shaped by different institutional and ideological forces. The paper also discusses the expansion of the concept of liberal democracy as an export product to regions deemed lacking in popular sovereignty. In conclusion, the article suggests that the critique of Orientalism, despite its academic and cultural impact, has been effectively neutralized in geopolitical practice. This is achieved through a shift in focus to regions not traditionally considered part of the «old» Western colonies, allowing for the implementation of economic partnership policies without the moral self-flagellation associated with charges of Orientalism. The paper ultimately argues that renaming reality does not change its underlying structure, and that the postmodern belief in the power of language to transform geopolitical realities is akin to magical thinking. It concludes that the critique of Orientalism has not fundamentally altered the eternal principles and interests guiding global geopolitical strategies.
Description
С. Савченко: ORCID 0000-0002-3615-2343; О. О. Михайлюк: ORCID 0009-0004-6903-6295
Keywords
орієнталізм, Едвард Саїд, постколоніальні дослідження, геополітика, колоніальний дискурс, orientalism, Edward Said, postcolonial studies, geopolitics, colonial discourse, КДІД
Citation
Савченко С. В., Михайлюк О. О. Повертаючись до Саїда та його «орієнталізму». Епістемологічні дослідження в філософії, соціальних і політичних науках. 2024. Т. 7, № 1. С. 219–224. DOI: https://doi.org/10.15421/342434.