ENG: The study is devoted to the explanation of the influence of hot plastic
deformation on the properties of railway wheels. The shape of individual elements
of the wheel provides for a different degree of hot compression, which determines
the mechanism for the development of the recrystallization at austenite. With a
decrease in the degree of the hot deformation, a certain proportion of grains with a
low energy of linear stretching are formed in austenite. As a result, of the low
mobility of such boundaries, the likelihood of preservation of part of the
substructural state of the austenite increases, which should affect the formation of
a colony of perlite during the cooling of the carbon steel. Against background
preservation and a dependence of strength properties on the dispersion of the
pearlite colony, the appearance in austenite of grain boundaries with a low energy
of linear tension leads to a qualitative change in the plastic properties of railway
wheel steel. The increase in plasticity of carbon steel with an increase in dispersion of the pearlite colony is due to a decrease in the effect of solid solution hardening
and an increase in the role of the ferrite-cementite interface in the development
processes of strain hardening carbon steel. The results obtained can be useful for
improving the technology of manufacturing all-rolled railway wheels.