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Anti-Crisis Management of Passenger Transport as a Factor of Increasing Railway Competitiveness
(Національний технічний університет «Дніпровська політехніка», Дніпро, 2020) Pshinko, Oleksandr M.; Orlovskaya, Oleksandra V.; Charkina, Tetiana Yu.; Carra, A. O.
ENG: Methods. To conduct research, the following methods were used: competition, SWOT analysis, mathematical analysis, marketing models, the PEST analysis method, the decision-making method, the Kaizen approach to achieve a high degree of quality of a product or service, as well as systems approach. Results. The article proves the expediency of applying anti-crisis management of passenger transportation as a factor of increasing the competitiveness of the railway. The analysis of the development of the transport services market has shown that rail transport is gradually losing its passengers, in favor of air and road transport. The management of «Ukrzaliznytsia» has recently made many steps to improve the competitiveness of railway passenger transportation in the domestic market of transport services, but these measures are not sufficient today to restore the lost positions that the railway had before. In order to increase the level of competitiveness of railway passenger transportation, as well as to develop a larger segment in the transport services market, the following tasks are identified: to conduct research and analysis of factors affecting the current situation in the service market, to analyze the advantages of existing potential competitors in the transport services market, to analyze the experience of passenger transportation in the European Union, to develop measures that can be proposed to «Ukrzaliznytsia» to improve the efficiency of passenger services and generate additional profit. Novelty. Areas of crisis management to improve the efficiency of passenger transport are proposed, namely: the development of railway tourism, the introduction of a system of discounts «bonus ticket», the creation of a railway hub, implementation of Kaizen approach to achieve a high level of quality services, the organization of multimodal passenger transport by «travel card». Practical value. The implementation of the proposed measures and strategies will allow «Ukrzaliznytsia» to identify promising mechanisms for managing the passenger complex in the context of an escalating crisis. All these measures will help «Ukrzaliznytsia» to get out of the crisis and get additional profit for the passenger industry.
Comparison of Tourist Traffic by Railway and Automobile Transport and Methodical Approach to Determining the Costs of Such Transportations
(НВП ПП «Технологічний Центр», Харків, 2017) Barash, Yuriy S.; Hnennyi, Oleh M.; Martseniuk, Larysa V.; Charkina, Tetiana Yu.
ENG: The article aims to systematize the advantages and disadvantages of railway and automobile tourism and develop efficient areas of their use in this context. Moreover, the authors set a goal to develop a methodical approach to determine the costs of the company that will organize transportations on the specific tourist route. Studies have shown that tourist traffic by railway transport has high potential, provided that it will use modern comfortable rolling stock and have in its structure not only the cars for tourist transportation, but also dining car, casino car, disco car (during the day game car for kids) and others. The above mentioned set of cars should be recommended for cruise travel with a period from 8 to 28 days, for shorter journeys the tourist train may not include casino car, disco car (during the day game car for kids) and others. The final choice of tourist traffic should be justified by economic calculations using the method proposed by this article. The approach is based on accounting all complex of costs associated with the technological process of tourism services. It includes the costs for the process of transportation itself, delivery of additional services of infrastructure and rolling stock owners, pay for transfer transportations, services of hotels, restaurants, cafes, travel agencies, advertising organizations and own costs of travel company. It makes possible to determine the costs of travel package more accurately, taking into account the demand for this type of tourist traffic.
Directions of Anti-Crisis Management of Restaurant Business
(ДДУВС, Дніпро, 2021) Pshinko, Oleksandr M.; Charkina, Tetiana Yu.; Pikulina, Olena V.; Basistha, Nandini
ENG: In this article, the authors emphasize that the pandemic and quarantine measures have brought the normal functioning of the world economy and the activities of many enterprises. The tourism business and the hotel and restaurant sector, which have recently developed greatly, have suffered from extensive losses and bankruptcies, a large number of restaurants and cafes have been closed, and many people have lost their jobs and their income. Even large chains of hotels and restaurants have suffered as well as other businesses. The hotel and restaurant business was the first one that has to adapt quickly to changes caused by the pandemic, to stablish work in new conditions and develop new directions and measures that will take the restaurant business out of the crisis. Given the current need to apply security rules, and the need to comply with quarantine measures, it is necessary to use computer and digital technologies that will help managers to attract new customers and earn extra income. The authors propose to use such tools of crisis management of the restaurant business as: technologicalization, online marketing and influencer – marketing, unique content. These activities are necessary in order to pay new attention to the dishes and services offered by cafes and restaurants. To restart this business in a modern way and with new tendencies, and to adapt to changes in the changing environment and to quarantine measures. To develop additional promotions and offer «economy», «standard» and «luxury» class menu. To organize the fast, high-quality delivery to cafes and restaurants in modern conditions, preferably free, it has become a great necessity and convenience in pandemic conditions; it will attract additional consumers to the restaurant business. In the modern market concept of restaurants in a pandemic, it is necessary considering not only the factors that existed for many years, but also new additional factors in the hotel business, without which it is now impossible to operate this business in a pandemic, it would be safe to provide services, awareness of the service In the modern market concept of restaurants in a pandemic, it is necessary considering not only the factors that existed for many years, but also new additional factors in the hotel business, without which it is now impossible to operate this business in a pandemic, it would be safe to provide services, awareness of the service or product, in the use of digital technology by an institution that wants to get more income and occupy a larger segment in this market of hotel and restaurant business. The authors insist that in modern conditions, it is essential to take into account the laws of competition; because now the consumer chooses a quality product or service at a better price, other goods or services do not attract consumers.
Features of Structural Transformation of Railway Transport Based on the Principles of Marketing Management
(North University Centre of Baia Mare, Romania, 2022) Charkina, Tetiana Yu.; Zadoya, Vyacheslav O.
ENG: It is established that despite the critical importance of railway transport for the national economy and society, in recent years the railway company has been in a state of deep crisis. It is revealed that the gradual aging and extremely unsatisfactory technical condition of the railway infrastructure and rolling stock level the ability of the railway company to carry out high-quality and safe railway transportation, lead to a gradual loss of customers and the share of railway transport in the market of transport and logistics services, destabilizing the company’s work and reducing the opportunities for its financial and economic recovery and innovative and technical revival. It is proved that in order to ensure innovative growth and competitiveness of railway transport in the market of transport and logistics services, it is necessary to activate the processes of its structural transformation by applying modern effective tools for implementing innovative changes at the enterprise. The processes of reforming the railway industry are investigated and the planned reformation changes and deadlines for their implementation do not correspond to the actual pace of implementation of structural transformations in railway transport. The expediency of structural transformation of railway transport based on the principles of marketing management as a proactive enterprise management style is proved, which ensures the formation and expansion of dynamic competitive advantages, taking into account internal and external changes in the operating environment by managing communications with potential market participants to create a competitive advantage, in particular personnel, partners and consumers. The key aspects of the structural transformation of railway transport based on the principles of marketing management are revealed. It is indicated that the formation of a marketing management system for railway transport should be carried out in several stages: the first stage is to analyze, evaluate and monitor the marketing environment; the second stage is to develop a marketing management system; the third stage is to ensure monitoring and adjustment of the marketing management system.
Hubs as a Key Tool for Improving the Quality of the Service and Development of Multimodal Passenger Traffic
(The Silesian University of Technology, Faculty of Transport, Katowice, Poland, 2022) Pshinko, Oleksandr M.; Charkina, Tetiana Yu.; Martseniuk, Larysa V.; Orlovska, Olexandra V.
ENG: This article stresses the need to develop multimodal passenger transport. Particular attention is paid to the construction of HUBs based on railway stations. HUB is the transport interchange node, passenger complex, which redistributes passenger flows between transport modes and directions. They allow to optimize transportation processes, as well as to create an infrastructure for convenient and fast passenger transfer between different transport modes. The preconditions for creating organizational conditions to ensure the sustainable development of the passenger railway transport sector are outlined. In the near future, combined passenger transport with the participation of several modes of transport will attract tourists from around the world. The authors’ concept of the term “passenger comfort zone” is proposed, which takes into account all the needs of modern tourists. The mechanism of multimodal transportations of passengers by railway transport in interaction with other participants of the servicing process is presented. A model of institutional support for the development of multimodal passenger railway transport is proposed to create conditions for integrated transport services for passengers by the passenger railway transport complex. The expediency of forming a system of railway passenger HUBs in Ukraine is vital to attracting investments to improve transport and tourism infrastructure, as well as to roll stock and a range of services for the benefit of all stakeholders in the transport sector (e.g., the state, investors, and passengers).
Improved Classification of Passenger Trains in Ukraine
(Дніпропетровський національний університет залізничного транспорту імені академіка В. Лазаряна, Дніпропетровськ, 2014) Charkina, Tetiana Yu.
ENG: Purpose. To develop the new classification of passenger trains in Ukraine taking into account the working period, the territory of service, the maximum distance of movement, average journey speed, time of a trip, a type of a rolling stock and sources of financing. Method. It is proposed to divide the passenger trains on day train, night train and all day train, then to determine the optimal areas for the movement of trains with cost minimization of their operation. Results. The passenger trains are divided into urban, suburban, regional, interregional and long-distance. In turn, each train is divided into slow and fast, on-site service: on the suburban, within the region, within 2-3 regions and long-distance. Academic novelty. The classification of passenger trains in Ukraine is improved which considers the additional features of economic factors of movement, working period, service territory, maximum range of passengers transportation, average speed, and trip time, type of a rolling stock and transportations sources of financing. Practical importance. The accounting of the specified factors increases validity of administrative decisions that will allow providing efficiency of functioning of passenger trains and their competitiveness in the market of transport services.
Improvement of the Tourism Industry Management Due to Introduction of New Trends and Types of Tourism
(Dnipropetrovsk State University of Internal Affairs, Dnipro, 2022) Charkina, Tetiana Yu.; Pikulina, Olena V.; Zadoja, Vyacheslav O.; Tsviliy, Sergiy
ENG: Today’s extremely difficult conditions dictate their own behavior and the survival of business in any field. The situation in tourism business has become the most difficult. Therefore, there is an urgent need to find new alternatives to existenc e and development. Quite a lot of studies, both foreign and domestic, are devoted to the analysis of the needs of a modern tourist and the search for new trends in the tourism industry to meet them. However, they do not cover all external factors that may affect the specifics and development of tourism, in particular those related to military actions, which take place in Ukraine. The authors in their study emphasize the essential need for digital transformations and the development of digital culture. Since digitalization is the fastest way to detect, respond to and adapt to internal and external changes. The authors propose the stages of tourism industry development, which show the changing preferences of tourists over the past 20 years, provide existing ma jor types of tourism, the current global trends are considered in detail, which appeared due to growing individual consumer needs and the COVID-19 pandemic. There is also a list of future types of transformation of tourists, the emergence of which is desig ned for the period up to 2030. These types take into account almost all the preferences, needs and goals of consumers of tourist services. The authors also proposed a new type of tourism, based on military actions in Ukraine and their consequences, which may become a future trend of the tourism industry. The emergence of new destinations and the use of global trends is another additional opportunity to attract new consumers to the tourism business and earn extra income through the introduction of new types, new tours, visiting special places and a whole range of the best quality services.
Integrated Approach to Marketing Strategies in the Startup Industry
(Дніпровський державний аграрно-економічний університет, м. Дніпро, ТОВ "ДКС Центр", 2024) Zadoia, Viacheslav O.; Charkina, Tetiana Yu.
ENG: The study analyses and evaluates marketing strategies that can be used by startPup companies to ensure rapid growth, attract customers and create a brand identity. The following methods were used to achieve the goal and solve these problems: statistical analysis: to process and interpret data related to marketing strategies and their impact on the success of startups; theoretical analysis: consideration of existing knowledge, theories, and models in the field of startup marketing and analysis of scientific papers, articles, and other publications, which allows to summarise existing approaches and concepts; economic and mathematical modelling: to evaluate different marketing strategies and determine their potential effectiveness. The developed multiPcriteria optimisation model helps to choose the optimal strategy, taking into account various determinants such as budget, time, resources, profit, risks, etc. This model allows to systematise the decisionPmaking process and more objectively evaluate and compare different alternatives, maximise overall efficiency by choosing among alternative strategies those that best meet the conditions and goals of the company. Scientific novelty: an integrated approach to marketing strategies for startPup companies is proposed, taking into account modern digital trends. A multiPcriteria model for optimising marketing strategies using economic and mathematical modelling has been developed, which opens up new opportunities for effective strategy selection in the context of limited resources and high uncertainty inherent in this business model. Practical significance. The implementation of an integrated approach allows providing recommendations for the development and implementation of effective marketing strategies for startPup companies, venture capital funds and accelerators. Particular emphasis is placed on the use of analytical methods, such as economic and mathematical modelling, to optimise marketing decisions. The use of this approach provides practical tools for identifying target markets, efficient allocation of resources and minimising risks.
Military Tourism as a Strategic Direction of Internal Tourism in Ukraine
(Dnipro State University of Internal Affairs, Dnipro, 2023) Martseniuk, Larysa V.; Charkina, Tetiana Yu.; Chernova, Nataliia S.; Batmanghlich, Cameron A.
ENG: The article proves that the promising development of domestic tourism in Ukraine is military tourism. Military tourism has several directions, depending on which the consumers of tourist services are segmented. It was emphasized that there are enough locations in Ukraine that can become "places of memory", because since 2014, russia has caused a lot of destruction and committed hundreds of other crimes on the territory of Ukraine. Military tourism services related to warfare historical events are based on visiting former battle sites and places of military historical significance. For example, in Ukraine, these are, firstly, the territories of active military operations – from Kharkiv to Mykolayiv, including the entire Donbas region, places of military glory of the Armed Forces of Ukraine, and secondly, historical places associated with the Second World War. This direction focuses on the acquisition of passive experience and has a clearly expressed educational goal. Potential target groups are veterans who took part in the battles that took place in certain places and their families, as well as tourists interested in history. An additional, but no less interesting direction of military tourism, which includes both directions, is the recreation of historical military events with the use of military equipment – guns, tanks, airplanes, etc. This variety also assumes a target group that suffers from mental rather than physical stress in the everyday work environment, which negatively affects their wants and needs. In general, the target market for military tourism consists of different sectors. Deep segmentation requires a detailed consideration of these submarkets, their requirements and characteristics. It is clear that the target market segment for a fighter jet flight and the target market segment for a military history tour differ in behavioral, psychological and profile inputs. The main thing to understand is that the events currently taking place in Ukraine attract additional world attention to it, which must be used to support the tourism industry and the development of the tourism business as a whole. And military tourism is an extremely important part of cultural tourism that should be taken into account when developing a national tourism strategy. Advantages and disadvantages of military tourism are highlighted. The functions of military tourism are outlined, the main ones being: historical, educational, martyrological, political, ideological, cultural, entertainment, recreational, sports and adventure. It is noted that there is still no legislative basis for the organization of this type of tourism in Ukraine, but all the prerequisites for its development are there (both locations and demand), because in recent years Ukraine has been under the increased attention of foreigners, and therefore, there is confidence that the majority of them will have the desire to visit Ukraine in the post-war period.
New Paradigm of Railway Passenger
(Федеральный центр науки и образования Эвенсис, г. Тольятти, 2019) Bobyl, Volodymyr V.; Charkina, Tetiana Yu.; Martseniuk, Larysa V.
ENG: The article describes the dynamics of the development of rail passenger transport, passenger volumes analyzed cyclical. Also studied the influence of society on the volume of passenger traffic. According to the theory of Kuhn's justified need for a new paradigm to improve the efficiency of passenger transportation. In addition, the authors identified the main factors that affect the level of profit.
The Origin of the Crimean Karaims and Transformations of Karaism in the Hermeneutic Eircle of History Interpretation
(Дніпровський національний університет імені Олеся Гончара, Дніпро, 2020) Barash, Yuriy S.; Vlasova, Tetiana I.; Martseniuk, Larysa V.; Charkina, Tetiana Yu.
ENG: The aim of the article is the conceptual reconstruction of the origin of the Crimean Karaims as an ethnic group and determination of the factors which played the main role in the formation of their faith – the Karaism. The actual topicality of the theme under analysis is stipulated by the definite factors, which are of both ethnic and religious origin. At present there still happen fervent academic debates that make the borderline between two opposing scientific approaches concerning the key issues of the Karaims’ origin and their faith. The opponents – or the proponents – of both scientific trends are claiming that the problem is «absolutely and fully» solved, but this very fact speaks for the evidence of its definite ambiguity in solving the problems of theory and in approaching the issues of research. The methods. The methodology, used in the article, is stipulated by the specific features of the research object, which calls for the complex interdisciplinary analysis including both the approaches of the hermeneutic interpretation and the comparative historical methods. The interdisciplinary dialogue serves its goal in this paper, involving different academic subjects in one attempt at the «whole» analysis. This methodology is so important in this case because the objective covers the analysis of the «generalized» vision of the wide problematic field. The latter includes historical-comparative methods, hermeneutic approaches, deconstruction techniques, etc., which can help history and theology communicate in the mutually beneficial dialogue. The main results. The research of the ethnic origin of the Crimean Karaims in the context of the transformations of their faith – the Karaism reveals the ambivalent interpretations of their history and worships. The authors’ conception confirms the hypothesis of the Karaims’ origin as the Turks and substantiates the idea of the Biblicism as a source of their faith. The Concise Conclusion. The Crimean Karaims (Karai) being the Tengrianists before the Ist century A.D. then adopted the pure Biblicism through the Crimean local ethnic groups. Anan’s teaching having complemented the Biblicism did not change its main ideas. The practical meaningis connected with the accentualization of the scientific interest in the historical heritage of the nonnumerous ethnic group – the Karaims under the conditions of the «risks» and «threats» of the globalization processes. The «project» of Man has been constructing the system of values for thousands of years, and nowadays the critically minded postmodern man or woman cannot be free from the absolutes of faith, from the ultimate concepts of philosophy. And namely at this historical stage those obvious criteria can help the postmodern person to perceive that moral law that is the intrinsic value of the human being. The originality. The research problems have not been yet the subject of the special investigation in the Ukrainian science. The scientific novelty. The foundation of the Karaims’ religion is the Biblicism which had come into existence 500 years before the Judaism appeared as the worship. Thus, the Karaism cannot be considered a sect of the Judaism. The type of the article. The research is mainly an analytical one with the inclusion of the historical and theological reviews of the contemporary approaches to the theme under analysis.
Principles of DEtermining the Basic Functions of Railway Hubs
(Kaunas University of Technology, Lithuania, 2018) Barash, Yuriy S.; Bobyl, Vladimir V.; Charkina, Tetiana Yu.; Bozhok, Nataliia O.; Chornovil, Olena V.
ENG: Goal. During the past two years the question about creation of passenger transportation hubs has been raised at the conferences held by Ukrzalisnitsya (Ukrainian Railways). And it became evident that every specialist has a different understanding of the concept. At the moment, several railway junctions for the passenger hubs have been chosen. These locations are Kiyiv, Kharkiv, Dnepr, Lviv and Odesa. The developers’ goal is to set functions of these hubs and to improve them due to optimization of train schedule, shortening of trip time and providing passengers with comfortable conditions. Results. The work analyzes the existing functions of railway stations and provides a list of some new functions that can be introduced to transform existing stations into railway transport hubs. Practical significance. The implementation of the new passenger transportation junction functions listed in the work will allow the management of the Ukrainian Railways to provide additional facilities for passengers and improve the quality of services due to train schedule optimization, reducing travel time, providing additional transfer services for passengers and baggage as well as shopping and entertainment services.
Rail Passenger Hubs
(Kaunas University of Technology, Lithuania, 2019) Bobyl, Volodymyr V.; Charkina, Tetiana Yu.; Martseniuk, Larysa V.; Matusevych, Oleksii O.; Keršys, A.
ENG: Тhe question about the organization of transport passenger HUBs in Ukraine has been raised at the conferences of Ukrzaliznytsia for several years, but each specialist understands this issue in different ways. Тhe authors of the article have set the purpose to determine what the rail hubs are needed for, what conditions are necessary for their construction, what functions the HUBs will perform and what theoretical structure they have. For the first time in Ukraine, we formulated the complex task concerning the organization of railway passenger transfer centres, formulated the refined terminological definition of the rail HUB, with the simultaneous operation of transfers, which will significantly reduce the travel time and improve the comfort. Тo solve this issue, we used a systematic approach allowing to determine the refined terminological definition - the railway HUB, the purpose they are built for, the places of their construction, the main functions and the volume of services rendered. Тhe necessary conditions for the construction of rail HUBs have been determined. Тhe refined terminological definition of the rail HUB and the sphere of rail HUB as a combination of socio-economic relations have been proposed. Тhe transfer variants have been considered. Implementation of the new functions of transport transfer centres (hubs) will allow the management of JSC "Ukrainian Railways" to create additional amenities for passengers and improve the quality of their services by optimizing train schedules, reducing travel time, providing additional transfers for passengers and luggage, as well as shopping and entertainment services.
Specific Character of the Crimean Karaims’ Origin and their Faith Transformation in the Hermeneutic Circle of History Interpretations (preprint)
(Дніпровський національний університет ім. О. Гончара, 2019) Barash, Yuriy S.; Vlasova, Tetiana I.; Martseniuk, Larysa V.; Charkina, Tetiana Yu.
ENG: Annotation. The study of the origins of the ethnos of the Crimean Karaites in the course of the formation of their faith - Karaism requires its accentuation due to the unconscious interpretation of the history of this small ethnic group, ambivalently represented in the works of scientists representing different spheres of humanities. Objective. Conceptual reconstruction of the emergence of the ethnos of the Crimean Karaites and the determination of the factors that play a major role in the formation of their faith - Karaism. The research methodology is based on the specifics of the object, which requires an integrated interdisciplinary approach involving both hermeneutic interpretation methods and a comparative historical approach. The main results of the work as an analytical study are connected with the confirmation of the hypothesis of the ethnos of the Crimean Karaites as Turks and the substantiation of the author's hypothesis about the origins of their faith - Biblism. Findings. Crimean Karaites (Karai), being up to 1 in AD Tengrians, later through local Crimean ethnic groups, adopt pure bibliism. The teaching of Anan only supplemented biblism without changing its main idea. Scientific novelty. The basis of the Karaite religion is Biblism, which arose 500 years before the appearance of Judaism, therefore Karaism cannot be considered a sect of Judaism. The practical significance is connected with the accentualization of scientific interest in the historical heritage of a small ethnic group - the Karaites under the conditions of “risks” and “threats” of globalization processes.
The Strategy of End-to-End Partnership as a Basis for the Development of Transport and Logistics Business of Railway Transport Enterprises
(Printing House “Technologija”, Kaunas, Lithuania, 2024) Charkina, Tetiana Yu.; Zadoya, Vyacheslav O.
ENG: The article examines the processes of building end-to-end partnerships in the transport and logistics sector, including the railway industry. The key conditions for successful cooperation of the subjects of the transport and logistics sector have been determined. A strategy of end-to-end partnership of railway transport has been developed, which takes into account the impact of global transformations in the transport and logistics sphere and defines directions, tasks and tools for building sustainable partnerships between railway transport enterprises and other participants in the transport and logistics market with the aim of comprehensive service and generation of environmentally friendly and digital transport solutions It was noted that the implementation of this strategy will contribute to the development of the transport and logistics business in railway transport based on the transition from exclusively technological transformation to the integration of business processes and technological solutions, the greening of the transport and logistics process and the improvement of traditional service components.

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