Науково-дослідна частина УДУНТ

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ENG: Scientific and research department of USUST

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Controlling the Speed of Rolling Cuts in Conditions of Reduction of Brake Power of Car Retarders
(Дніпропетровський національний університет залізничного транспорту імені академіка В. Лазаряна, Дніпропетровськ, 2016) Kozachenko, Dmytro M.; Bobrovskyi, Volodymyr I.; Grevtsov, Serhii V.; Berezovyi, Mykola I.
ENG: Purpose. The study aims to develop the requirements for organization of the marshalling process in the conditions when the power of retarder positions is less than the nominal one. Methodology. The research is carried out using the train traffic safety theory and mathematical modelling of hump processes. Findings. The current technical standard documents regulating the operational performance of humps do not contain direct instructions on how to proceed in the event of brake power loss by car retarders, thus creating threats to the traffic safety. This problem is quite acute for the Ukrainian railways in connection with a chronic shortage of funds for the repair and renewal of technical equipment, including the humps. At the same time, a significant drop in the volume of work leads to the fact that the hump required processing capacity can be provided in case of partial failure of retarders as well. Herewith the most important task is to ensure the breaking-up safety in conditions of parametric failures of retarders. The analysis of dangerous situations, the occurrence of which is possible at humps, as well as the modelling of cut rolling, allowed establishing the connection between the value of retarder tire pressing force on the car wheels and the breaking-up modes, providing the safety of marshalling process. The paper sets the application areas of such measures as the breaking-up speed reduction, breaking-up termination, the use of additional braking by block hangers. Originality. The originality of the work lies in the fact that it first obtained the complex of dependencies that determine the performance requirements for the power of hump retarders and allow the staff to enter the appropriate limits for breaking-up modes to ensure the marshalling process safety. Practical value. The results of the research can be used to supplement the «Instruction on the maintenance of facilities of mechanized and automated humps» in order to determine the limits of breaking-up modes when detecting the reduction of retarder power below the nominal one.
Creation of Export-Oriented Network of Grain Elevators in Ukraine
(Дніпропетровський національний університет залізничного транспорту імені академіка В. Лазаряна, Дніпро, 2017) Kozachenko, Dmytro M.; Vernigora, Roman V.; Rustamov, Rustam S.
ENG: Purpose. The scientific paper highlights improving the efficiency of export rail transportation of grain cargoes in Ukraine by introducing shipper routing and concentration of loading at the terminal grain elevators. Methodology. According to the experience of the USA and Canada, one of the most effective ways to reduce costs in the grain to-port supply chain is a shipper routing of the rail traffic. Shipper routing for transportation of grain cargoes involves the concentration of their loading on the multiple junctions. The junctions are proposed to be selected with the use of cluster analysis methods. For the formation of the grain loading concentration areas the authors used methods of set theory and multi-criteria optimization. Findings. Based on agglomerative cluster analysis algorithm, the junctions on a network of Ukrainian railways are selected and the areas of possible concentration of grain loading are formed. DSU-algorithm allowed distinguishing the overlapping and non-overlapping areas of concentration. The problem of selecting non-overlapping areas of the grain loading concentration is formalized as the problem of multiobjective integer programming with boolean variables. The solution of this problem by a modified simplex algorithm allows selecting on the railway network of Ukraine 24 districts of possible grain loading concentration, which cover 70 stations and at minimal additional cost provide routing of about 7.5 million tons of grain per year. Originality. The originality of the work lies in the fact that the authors developed the mathematical procedure for selection of junctions and concentration areas of grain loading at the Ukrainian railway network, taking into account the economic efficiency of the process. Practical value. Application of the developed method of grain loading concentration for the formation of unit trains will significantly reduce the logistics costs in the supply chain of grain to Ukrainian ports for export and, consequently, increase its competitiveness in foreign markets.
Especially the Functioning of Railway Stations in the Conditions of the Organization of Transport Dangerous Goods
(Дніпропетровський національний університет залізничного транспорту ім. академіка В. Лазаряна, Дніпропетровськ, 2016) Kozachenko, Dmytro M.; Zhuravel, Irenа L.; Zhuravel, Vyacheslav V.
ENG: Purpose. Ensuring a sufficient level of transport safety is an important task in the context of development of railway transport as a part of international transport corridors and under increasing freight traffic volumes. The intensification of the transport process when there is the significant depreciation of fixed assets actualizes the development and implementation of methods to of improving the safety of railway transportation of dangerous goods, as well as technological and organizational measures, which are directed decrease of risks of emergency situations with its goods. Methodology. The methods of system analysis and theory of the railways operating management were used. Findings. The regulatory framework of the dangerous goods transportation by rail was characterized. The main indicators of the dangerous goods transportation under modern conditions of railway transport functioning were investigated. A detailed structure of the factors, which influence on the stations operating conditions during the transportation of dangerous goods was developed, and the measures of the stations technology improving in order to increase the traffic safety were proposed. Originality. Authors had detailed features of the functioning of the railway stations functioning under the dangerous goods transportation management. Practical value. Taking into account the factors and implementation of the proposed measures will improve the safety level of dangerous goods processing at railway stations.
Evaluation of Longitudinal Loading of Tank Trains During Motion in Longitudinal Changes of Gradient
(Дніпропетровський національний університет залізничного транспорту імені академіка В. Лазаряна, Дніпропетровськ, 2013) Myamlin, Serhiy V.; Romanyuk, Yanina N.
EN: Purpose. To research the tank train longitudinal loading during motion by track sections with changes of gradient. The trains of different length that consist of bogie tank wagons should be examined. Influence of cargo type on longitudinal loading of train during motion in concave section of track should be evaluated. Methodology. The level of the largest longitudinal forces was estimated by mathematical simulation. It was assumed that change of gradient is formed by two grades with baffle platforms, length 50 meters, so that the algebraic difference of limiting grades vary from 10 to 40 ‰, pitch 10 ‰. The initial speeds were 40, 60, 80, 100, 120 km/h. For evaluation of the longitudinal loading the regulating braking and motion «by coasting» was considered. For evaluation of buffing loads the entry to the concave gradient change of expanded train is considered, and in order to determine the quasi-static forces the compressed train is considered. Findings. As a result of calculations the dependencies of maximal longitudinal forces in the trains on the cargo type, the algebraic difference of the grades, the number of tank wagons, the initial speed, motion modes, and initial gaps condition in the train were obtained. Originality. The longitudinal loading of freight cars of different length formed by the similar bogie tank wagons with one locomotive was obtained. The locomotive is placed in the train head during motion in concave track sections with various algebraic difference of the grades «on coasting» and during the regulating braking mode. The obtained results can be used for parameters standardization of profile elevation of the track. Practical value. The obtained results show that during operation of tank trains on track sections of complex breakage the most dangerous is regulating braking of preliminary compressed trains during entering on concave parts of track. Level of the greatest buffing and quasi-static longitudinal forces is almost independent of cargo and slightly depends on the initial speed.
Evaluation of the Transition to the Organization of Freight Trains Traffic by the Schedule
(Silesian University of Technology, Poland, 2016) Kozachenko, Dmitriy N.; Vernigora, Roman V.; Balanov, Vladimir O.; Berezovy, Nikolay I.; Yelnikova, Lidiia O.; Germanyuk, Yuliya N.
ENG: The paper considers the issues of bulk conveyance organization between industrial enterprises on schedule. Currently the movement of the main part of freight trains is performed on preparedness and occupation processes of separate schedule train paths by some terminals are not fixed. And, due to the lack of statistical material on the punctuality of the schedule for the movement of freight trains, research of the passenger trains movement with subsequent dissemination of results on freight movement were carried out by the authors. The values of the additional time reserves that should be included in the schedule of trains, and the schedule for the turnover of freight trains to provide conditional interaction of railroads and industrial enterprises in Ukraine were proposed. The obtained results can be used for the technical-and-economic calculations of transition effectiveness of industrial enterprises for maintenance on schedule as well as in the development of schedule on the initial stages of testing technology.
Functional Simulation of Railway Stations on the Basis of Finite-State Automatа
(Silesian University of Technology, Poland, 2014) Bobrovskyi, Volodymyr I.; Kozachenko, Dmytro M.; Vernigora, Roman V.
ENG: The general scheme of railway station’s model and technique of formalizing the technologic processes at stations are described. To take into account the human impact on station’s operation is suggested to use ergatic models. In conformity with concept of stations’ ergatic models a person is directly involved into the simulation process and manages the station technological processes acting as a dispatcher. The formalization of technological processes for processing the objects is performed on the basis of deterministic finite-state automaton. Designed model can be used for optimization of technical and technological parameters of railway stations, as well as in computer simulators for training of railway traffic managers.
Improving the Methods of Estimation of the Unit Train Effectiveness
(Silesian University of Technology, Poland, 2016) Kozachenko, Dmytro M.; Vernigora, Roman V.; Balanov, Volodymyr O.; Sannytskyy, Nazar М.; Berezovy, Nikolay I.; Bolvanovska, Tetiana V.
ENG: Summary. The article presents the results of studies of freight transportation by unit trains. The article is aimed at developing the methods of the efficiency evaluation of unit train dispatch on the basis of full-scale experiments. Duration of the car turnover is a random variable when dispatching the single cars and group cars, as well as when dispatching them as a part of a unit train. The existing methodologies for evaluating the efficiency of unit trains’ make-up are based on the use of calculation methodologies and their results can give significant errors. The work presents a methodology that makes it possible to evaluate the efficiency of unit train shipments based on the processing of results of experimental travels using the methods of mathematical statistics. This approach provides probabilistic estimates of the rolling stock use efficiency for different approaches to the organization of car traffic volumes, as well as establishes the effect for each of the participants in the transportation process.
Modeling Work of Sorting Station Using UML
(Дніпропетровський національний університет залізничного транспорту імені академіка В. Лазаряна, Дніпропетровськ, 2015) Gorbova, Aleksandra V.
ENG: Purpose. The purpose of this paper is the construction of methods and models for the graphical representation process of sorting station, using the unified modeling language (UML). Methodology. Methods of graph theory, finite automata and the representation theory of queuing systems were used as the methods of investigation. A graphical representation of the process was implemented with using the Unified Modeling Language UML. The sorting station process representation is implemented as a state diagram and actions through a set of IBM Rational Rose. Graphs can show parallel operation of sorting station, the parallel existence and influence of objects process and the transition from one state to another. The IBM Rational Rose complex allows developing a diagram of work sequence of varying degrees of detailing. Findings. The study has developed a graphical representation method of the process of sorting station of different kind of complexity. All graphical representations are made using the UML. They are represented as a directed graph with the states. It is clear enough in the study of the subject area. Applying the methodology of the representation process, it allows becoming friendly with the work of any automation object very fast, and exploring the process during algorithms construction of sorting stations and other railway facilities. This model is implemented with using the Unified Modeling Language (UML) using a combination of IBM Rational Rose. Originality. The representation process of sorting station was developed by means of the Unified Modeling Language (UML) use. Methodology of representation process allows creating the directed graphs based on the order of execution of the works chain, objects and performers of these works. The UML allows visualizing, specifying, constructing and documenting, formalizing the representation process of sorting station and developing sequence diagrams of works of varying degrees of detail. Practical value. The usage of the Unified Modeling Language (UML) based on software package IBM Rational Rose and allows to create processes of varying degrees of detail, reduce the time expenditure for the process research of sorting station and get a clear graphical representation, as well as to reduce the human costs at the construction and improvement of existing technological processes.
Multi-Valued Automatic Cab Signalling System Based on the CDMA Technology
(Український державний університет науки і технологій, м. Дніпро, 2021) Honcharov, Kostiantyn V.; Rybalka, Roman V.
ENG: Purpose. The work is aimed at the development of principles for the construction of multi-valued automatic cab signalling system (ACS) using the wide-band pseudorandom signals. Methodology. An analysis of existing ACS systems and modern telecommunication technologies has been performed to achieve the stated purpose. The multi-valued automatic cab signalling system CDMA-ACS has been proposed. The mentioned system utilizes wide-band pseudo-noise signals to transmit commands. System parameters: frequency band – 155...395 Hz, pseudorandom codes – 16-bit Walsh codes, spectrum spreading factor – 16, source signal bandwidth – 15 Hz, carrier modulation – DBPSK (differential binary phase-shift keying), information rate – 15 bit/sec, code combination length – 4 bits, maximum amount of commands – 256, the duration of single command transmission – 0.27 sec. Functional diagrams of generator and receiver of the multi-valued automatic cab signalling system have been designed. It has been suggested to apply the correlation method to receive the ACS signals. Findings. To investigate the proposed CDMA-ACS system the simulation modelling has been accomplished in MATLAB in two stages: at the first stage, the CDMA-ACS system was investigated as disturbance-free; at the second stage – under the influence of powerful narrow-band disturbances (traction current harmonics). It has been found that the system shows high immunity to narrow-band harmonic disturbances. The most significant harmonics of the traction current related to the system are 250 Hz and 300 Hz, since they are the closest to the carrier frequency of 275 Hz. It has been determined that errors in decoding the ACS commands occur if the signal-to-noise ratio becomes lower than -8 dB. To reduce the influence of 250 Hz and 300 Hz, harmonics the application of additional band-reject filters was proposed. Originality. For the first time, the authors of this work carried out research on the multi-valued automatic cab signalling system with the use of wide-band pseudo-random Walsh codes. Practical value. Implementation of solutions being proposed allows improving the informativeness and interference immunity for the automatic cab signalling system, reducing the duration of command transmission from the railway track to the cab.
Probabilistic Approach for the Determination of Cuts Permissible Braking Modes on the Gravity Humps
(Silesian University of Technology, Poland, 2016) Bobrovskyi, Volodymyr I.; Kozachenko, Dmytro M.; Dorosh, Andrii S.; Demchenko, Evhen B.; Bolvanovska, Tetiana V.; Kolesnyk, Anton I.
ENG: The paper presents the research results of cuts braking modes on the gravity humps. The objective of this paper is developing the methods for assessment of braking modes of cuts under conditions of fuzziness of their rolling properties, as well as selecting the permissible starting speed range of cuts from retardant positions. As a criterion for assessing the modes of target control of cut rolling speed, it was proposed to use an average gap size on a classification track at the established norms of probable exceeding of permissible speed of cars collision and their stop in retarders. As a criterion for evaluating the modes of interval control of cuts rolling speed, using the risk of their nonseparation on the switches was proposed. Using the simulation modeling and mathematical statistics, the configuration of the range of permissible speed of cuts coming out from retardant positions has been set. The conducted researches allow simplifying the choice of cut braking modes in systems of automatic control of cut rolling speed.
The Research of the Domain of Permissible Braking Modes of Cuts on the Gravity Humps
(Silesian University of Technology, Katowice, 2015) Bobrovskyi, Volodymyr I.; Kozachenko, Dmitriy N.; Dorosh, Andrii S.; Demchenko, Evhen B.; Bolvanovska, Tetiana V.; Kolesnyk, Anton I.
ENG: The paper presents the research results of cuts braking modes on the gravity humps. The objective of this paper is developing the methods for assessment of braking modes of cuts under conditions of fuzziness of their rolling properties, as well as select-ing the permissible starting speed range of cuts from retardant positions. As a criterion for assessing the modes of target control of cut rolling speed, it was proposed to use an aver-age gap size on a classification track at the established norms of probable exceeding of permissible speed of cars collision and their stop in retarders. As a criterion for evaluating the modes of interval control of cuts rolling speed, using the risk of their non-separation on the switches was proposed. Using the simulation modeling and mathematical statistics, the configuration of the domain of permissible speed of cuts coming out from retardant positions has been set. The conducted researches allow simplifying the choice of cut braking modes in systems of automatic control of cut rolling speed.
Researching Operation of the Railway Stations with Using of Their Ergatic Simulation Models
(Дніпропетровський національний університет залізничного транспорту імені академіка В. Лазаряна, Дніпропетровськ, 2013) Bobrovskyi, Volodymyr I.; Kozachenko, Dmytro M.; Vernigora, Roman V.
ENG: The general scheme of railway station’s model and technique of formalizing the technologic processes at stations are described. Designed model can be used for optimization of technical and technological parameters of railway stations, including with using the grapho-analitical method.
Techno-Economic Evaluation of the Efficiency of Improvement of Techniques Rationing Fixing Rolling Stock on the Station Tracks
(Дніпропетровський національний університет залізничного транспорту імені академіка В. Лазаряна, Дніпропетровськ, 2013) Kozachenko, Dmytro M.; Pasichnyi, Oleksandr M.
ENG: Purpose. This is dedicated to evaluation of the efficiency of improvement of the advanced method of normalization of quantity of wheel chocks for fixing rolling stock on station tracks, which was proposed as a result of former study. Methodology. In this study the simulation modeling of station work is used for calculation of rolling stock downtime. The method of techno-economic comparison is used to evaluate the efficiency of improvement of the new method of rationing number of wheel chocks for fixing rolling stock. Findings. The effect of the proposed method to the conditions of work of the railway stations had been analyzed. It was revealed that the introduction of improved methods of rationing fixing rolling stock will lead to substantial savings in operating costs of the railway.Originality. The advanced method of normalization of quantity of wheel chocks for fixing rolling stock on station tracks is proposed at first, that’s why the techno-economic evaluation of its efficiency has also been made for the first time. Practical value. The result of this study shows that use of the advanced method of evaluation of wheel chocks number for fixing rolling stock will lead to savings in railway’s operating costs because of decreasing rolling stock downtime.
To the Question of Modeling of Wheels and Rails Wear Processes
(Дніпропетровський національний університет залізничного транспорту імені академіка В. Лазаряна, Дніпропетровськ, 2013) Manashkin, Lev A.; Myamlin, Serhiy V.
EN: Purpose. There is a need of wear process modeling in the wheel-rail system. This is related to the fact that the wear processes in this system are absolutely different in the initial and final stages. The profile change of rail and, especially, of the wheels caused by the wear significantly affects the rolling stock dynamics, traffic safety and the resource of the wheels and rails. Wear modeling and the traffic safety evaluation requires the accounting of the low frequency component forces (including the modeling of transitional areas) affecting the wheel on the side of the rail and carriage in motion of rolling stock, so the statistical analysis is not possible. Methodology. The method of mathematical modeling of the wheel set and the rail interaction was used during the research conducting. Findings. As a result of the modeling of the wheel set motion on the rail track, the mathematic model with 19 freedom degrees was obtained. This model takes into account the axle torque and studies wheels constructions as the components of the mechanical systems, consisting of a hub and tire. Originality. The mathematic model allows evaluating the wear degree of the wheels and rails when using on the rolling stock not only all-metal wheel sets, but also compound ones with the use of spring wheels and independent rotation of semi-axes with the wheels. Practical value. The development of the improved mathematical model of freight car wheel set motion with differential rotation of the wheels and compound axles allows studying the wear processes of wheels and rails.
Автоматизация определения положения предельных столбиков и сигналов
(ДП “Державний науково-дослідний центр залізничного транспорту України”, Київ, 2004) Бобровский, Владимир Ильич; Козаченко, Дмитрий Николаевич
RUS: Представлена усовершенствованная методика определения координат размещения предельных столбиков и сигналов. Указанная методика может быть использована в системах автоматизированного проектирования железнодорожных станций.
Автоматизация проектирования поперечных профилей земляного полотна и балластной призмы железнодорожных станций
(Харківська державна академія залізничного транспорту, 1998) Козаченко, Дмитрий Николаевич
RUS: Приведена структура модели поперечных профилей земляного полотна и балластной призмы железнодорожных станций. Модель построена на основе ориентированных графов. Представлены методы обработки данных модели при автоматизированном проектировании.
Автоматизированное формирование функциональных моделей железнодорожных станций
(Днепропетровский национальный университет железнодорожного транспорта имени академика В. Лазаряна, Днепропетровск, 2014) Козаченко, Дмитрий Николаевич; Вернигора, Роман Витальевич; Малашкин, Вячеслав Витальевич
RUS: Эффективным средством анализа и количественной оценки показателей функционирования железнодорожных станций, является имитационное моделирование станционных процессов. При этом высокую адекватность обеспечивают эргатические модели, в которых человек принимает непосредственное участие в процессе моделирования, выполняя функции диспетчера станции. Для функционирования эргатической модели используются файлы данных специальной структуры, в которых в закодированном виде формализованы техническое оснащение и технологический процесс работы станции. Опыт создания таких моделей для конкретных станций показал, что формирование указанных файлов данных представляет собой достаточно сложную и трудоемкую задачу. Для унификации и ускорения процесса построения эргатических моделей для конкретных станций были разработаны специальные программно-инструментальные средства (редакторы), которые позволяют в автоматизированном режиме получить необходимые файлы данных с закодированной информацией о технико-технологических параметрах станций. Путевое развитие станции и система станционной автоматики формализованы на основе геометрических моделей, которые получают средствами автоматизированного проектирования. Основной проблемой, которая возникает при построении моделей для конкретных станций, является сложность формализации технологических процессов их работы, которые на каждой станции имеют множество своих отличительных особенностей. Для решения этой проблемы авторами была разработана методика формализации технологии работы железнодорожных станций на основе детерминированных конечных автоматов. Построение конечных автоматов для различных объектов, обслуживание которых выполняется на станции, осуществляется с использованием объектно-ориентированного подхода. С этой целью разработан специальный редактор, который позволяет в автоматизированном режиме строить конечные автоматы обслуживания объектов и формировать файл данных для модели технологического процесса станции. В статье рассмотрена технология автоматизированного построения эргатических моделей железнодорожных станций, приведены блок-схемы алгоритмов и примеры диалоговых окон редактора технологического процесса. Разработанная технология построения моделей является универсальной и применима к железнодорожным станциям любого типа.
Анализ эффективности режимов торможения отцепов на сортировочных горках
(Днепропетровский национальный университет железнодорожного транспорта имени академика В. Лазаряна, Днепропетровск, Днепропетровск, 2006) Бобровский, Владимир Ильич; Рогов, Н. В.
RU: Выполнены исследования характеристик области допустимых режимов торможения отцепа и их зависимостей от параметров отцепа и условий скатывания. Установлена взаимосвязь режимов торможения с расходами электроэнергии на их реализацию.
Аналіз впливу спеціалізації сортувальних колій на показники процесу розформування составів
(ЧП «Технологический Центр», Харьков, 2006) Козаченко, Дмитро Миколайович; Березовий, Микола Іванович; Таранець, Ольга Ігорівна
UKR: На підставі імітаційного моделювання процесу розформування потоку составів виконано дослідження впливу спеціалізації сортувальних колій на величину розділових інтервалів на стрілках та енергетичних витрат, що пов’язані з гальмуванням відчепів в процесі скочування.
Аналіз можливості підвищення точності інформації про характеристики відчепів в системах автоматизованого управління роспуском составів
(ЧП «Технологический Центр», Харьков, 2008) Козаченко, Дмитро Миколайович; Таранець, Ольга Ігорівна
UKR: У статті розглянуто питання, що пов’язані з можливістю покращення умов регулювання швидкості скочування відчепів за рахунок підвищення точності характеристик відчепів на сортувальних гірках. Результати роботи можуть бути використані для розробки автоматизованих систем управління розформуванням составів.

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