Кафедра "Хімія та інженерна екологія" (з 2022 увійшла до складу кафедри Екологічна та цивільна безпека ДІІТ)

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Air Pollution in Ukraine from Space
(Arnika – Citizen Support Centre, Prague, Czech Republic, 2020) Bočková, Simona; Bohovic, Roman; Hrnčiar, Matúš; Muroň, Mikuláš; Filippovová, Pavlína; Skalský, Martin; Soroka, Maksym; Labohý, Jan
EN: Purpose. This study presents the results of the analysis of air pollution in Ukraine, based on satellite data Copernicus Sentinel 5p and the Copernicus Atmospheric Monitoring Service. The authors of this study present the spatial and temporal distribution of the content of the PM2.5, PM10, NO2, CO and H2CO in Ukraine. Methodology. Satellite data from Sentinel-5P is obtained via the Sentinel Hub (SH) operated by Sinergise. The Sentinel Hub supports Sentinel-5P level 2 (L2) data products which are geolocated, primarily preprocessed, and contain a “qa_value”. SP5 satellite data products are mostly measured and provided in mol/m2 units. For the purpose of the analysis presented here, the surface level concentrations of PM2.5 and PM10 were obtained through the Atmosphere Data Store (ADS) – a distributed data and information system which provides access to all CAMS datasets through unified web and API interfaces. In order to keep the observation time in line with the values monitored by the S5P satellite, daily concentrations modelled for 13:00 UTC have been used. As the database of CAMS data offered through the ADS consists of three years of the most recent data (termed a rolling archive), our analysis of PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations covers the period from 15 July 2017 to 14 July 2020. Results. According to the results of the study, areas of increased air pollution were identified, which include industrial agglomerations of Dnipropetrovsk, Donetsk, Kyiv, Luhansk and Zaporizhia regions of Ukraine. Producing real data and evidence and their use must be a priority for achieving real improvements in air quality while also maintaining cost-effectiveness. Therefore, the connection of all existing ground monitoring systems and extension of the network is a necessity, especially in places that have been identified as air pollution hotspots. According to the experience of the EU countries, building a unified system operated by one authority on a national level, which also performs validation of data, seems to be the best option. This system should also be independent of external and political influences. It is advisable to use all available data on air quality, including public air monitoring systems and the results of independent scientific research, after their additional evaluation. Disclaimer. This study was financed from the Transition Promotion Program of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Czech Republic and National Endowment for Democracy (USA). The donors are not responsible for the opinions presented in the study.
Assesment of the Railway Influence on the Heavy Metal Accumulation in Soil
(Дніпропетровський національний університет залізничного транспорту ім. акад. В. Лазаряна, Дніпро, 2018) Samarska, Alla V.; Zelenko, Yuliya V.
EN: Purpose. The scientific paper aims at analyzing the current state of the railway infrastructure soil contamination with heavy metals (HM), namely, the three stations of Prydniprovska railway: Kamianske-Pasazhyrske, Zaporizhzhia-Kamianske and Trytuzna. Methodology. The research object is the soil of the above mentioned railway stations, the research subject is the total content of HM. Sampling was carried out every 15 m between and outside both rails up to the end of railway ties. The total area of the investigated sites is 600 m2 . The total form of Fe, Pb, Zn, Cu, Ni, Cd and Mn concentration was determined by the atomic absorption spectrometry method. The obtained data were compared with the background concentration of HM for Dnipropetrovsk oblast and the results of analyzing the reference control located at a distance of 250 m from the railway stations. Findings. It is found out that rail transport is a source of HM emission into soil. The findings indicate that the soil state of the Kamianske-Pasazhyrske station corresponds to a low ecological risk and a low degree of pollution, since the station is a passenger one only and pollution occurs mostly due to the friction of wheels and rails and that of the pantograph and overhead system, as well as the pesticide use. The soil contamination of the Zaporizhzhia-Kamianske station is characterized by a considerable potential environmental risk and a very high degree of pollution. This station is a cargo-passenger one, and this pollution level is mainly due to loading and unloading processes. The soil of the Trytuzna station is characterized by an average potential ecological risk and a moderate degree of pollution. Although this station is mainly used for the freight trains reformation, but due to the transportation of large volumes of bulk ore cargoes HM fall into soil. Besides, the station is not electrified. Recommendations for assessment of the soil pollution levels are given. Originality. For the first time the potential ecological risk of soil contamination was determined on the basis of the physical and chemical analysis of the HM content in the soil of the above-mentioned stations. Practical value. The results of the study can be used as a justification of the reasonability of introducing the environmental monitoring programs for the railway land, the environmental protection measures for the soil treatment from HM, correcting the railway exclusion zone, as well as protection of adjacent territories from the propagation and accumulation of the mentioned pollutants. The necessity and urgency of the constant control of the HM content in the railway soil and the relevance of the research continuation in this scientific direction are confirmed on the basis of the received data.
The Assessment of Negative Impact of Oil Products on Railroad Track and Rolling Stock Constructions
(Kaunas Univ. of Technology, Lithuania, 2019) Zelenko, Yuliya V.; Lunys, O.; Neduzha, Larysa O.; Steišūnas, S.
EN: Abstract In order to ensure the reliability of metal elements in structures of railway infrastructure, the influence of solutions is investigated that contain oil products on the degree of corrosive changes of steels of grade 3, 5, RSt37-2, 09G2D and grey cast iron 21-40. On the basis of experimental data that were obtained using R-5126 polarization resistance indicator, potentiostat P-5827 mathematical relations of the influence of various fractions of oil products on the rate of metal corrosion are introduced. The obtained data can be used for non-destructive control of basic elements of structures, the choice of effective inhibitors for reducing the corrosive aggressiveness of the environment and the protection of structural elements.
Clean Air for Ukraine: Roadmap for Reducing Industrial Air Pollution in Ukrainian Cities
(Arnika – Citizen Support Centre, Prague, Czech Republic, 2020) Havránková, Šárka; Yaroshchuk, Oleksandr; Soroka, Maksym
EN: This study overview about necessary components of functional air pollution management in Ukraine, such as centralized, accessible and reliable monitoring, public participation in decision making, a clear process for issuing permits, strict pollution limits and thorough control. The authors of the study suggest overview of Ukrainian environmental legislation and environmental policy options and recommendations to effectively reduce industrial air pollution in Ukrainian cities. Disclaimer. This study was financed from the Transition Promotion Program of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Czech Republic and National Endowment for Democracy (USA). The donors are not responsible for the opinions presented in the study.
Contemporary Principles for Solving the Problem in Noise Reduction from Railway Rolling Stock
(IOP Publishing, 2020) Zelenko, Yuliia V.; Zelenko, D.; Neduzha, Larysa O.
EN: The statistical and monitoring data confirm the significant impact of the operational mode on the most important noise and vibration parameters, which is relevant for ensuring the efficiency and quality of the operational process with regard to ergonomic and environmental requirements. The article analyzes the acoustic parameters of rolling stock of the railway, emphasizes the peculiarities of noise emission from various elements of rolling stock and a track. Existing approaches towards solving the problem in the organization of railway noise control are outlined. On the basis of existing modern methods for measurement and analysis of acoustic parameters, the authors propose conceptual approaches toward monitoring the acoustic parameters, predicting noise characteristics and constructing the noise maps of railways. The algorithm of the developed acoustic model for the operational monitoring of noise load and the possibility to compile a case of noise maps for Ukrzaliznytsia is presented. The proposed algorithm allows at given basic design parameters and speed of rolling stock, known sound-absorbing and dissipative characteristics of all elements to carry out a rational selection of noise-protective measures in accordance with the sanitary noise regulations for a specific receptive facility.
Dirty Skies Above: Regulation of Air Pollution in Ukraine and the EU
(Arnika – Citizen Support Centre, Prague, Czech Republic, 2020) Havránková, Šárka; Miskun, Alena; Kharchylava, Tamara; Havel, Milan; Skalský, Martin; Soroka, Maksym
EN: This study summarizes a detailed analysis of environmental legislation and environmental policy in Ukraine in the period 2018-2019, conducted by an international group of researchers as part of the campaign "Clean Air for Ukraine". This examines the features of regulatory policy in the field of industrial pollution in Ukraine and the Czech Republic. The comparative analysis and features of measures of state supervision and control in the field of pollutant emissions by industrial enterprises are presented. Disclaimer. This study was financed from the Transition Promotion Program of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Czech Republic and National Endowment for Democracy (USA). The donors are not responsible for the opinions presented in the study.
Disposal of Technological Sludge of Railway Infrastructure Enterprises
(Dnipro National University of Railway Transport named after Academician V. Lazaryan, 2019) Zelenko, Yuliia V.; Bezovska, Maryna S.; Leshchynska, Anna L.; Shnaiderman, Alexandr
EN: The problem of improving environmental safety in the handling of oily waste and sludge is relevant for most industries. Significant amounts of waste oil adversely affect virtually all components of the environment. However, it is also a valuable hydrocarbon feedstock. Thus, a rational approach to the processing of sludge can have a significant environmental and economic effect. The shortcomings of traditional thermal technologies for the disposal of technological sludge and suggests using much cheaper mechanical methods were discussed in this article. For example, install decanters of various designs in a depot depending on the overall composition of the sludge and the composition of each of its main parts: the carbon-containing part, water and mechanical impurities. A modern scheme for the disposal of technological sludge from railway infrastructure enterprises has been proposed. Such a scheme allows to reduce the man-made load associated with their accumulation, circulation and minimization. The most promising example of the use of the proposed technology of utilization of oil sludge is its implementation at the local sewage treatment plants of locomotive and wagon depots.
Ecologic and Economic Means of Stabilization and Improvement of Environment State at The Railway Transport
(Дніпропетровський національний університет залізничного транспорту імені академіка В. Лазаряна, Дніпропетровськ, 2014) Zelenko, Yuliya V.; Myamlin, Serhiy V.
EN: The problems of escalation of the ecological situation in the sphere and intensification of negative trends in many sections of transport technologies are conditioned by the proactive rate of transport development and peculiarities of its interaction with the objects of environment. Objective. The required stage of the modern approach to formation of effective system of ecological management at railway station is creation of special eco-informational system that will the possibility to give an objective evaluation of ecological and economic losses, both in the process of natural resource management and in cases of accidents with negative ecological consequences. Methodology. Development of environment management systems at organization of natural resources management on the base of modern information technologies will give the possibility not only to reduce the frequency of situations, associated with the environment elements pollution, but also to optimize organization of the natural resources management, as high concentration of resources may lead to emergency in adjacent regions of mutually exclusive types of anthropogenic activity. Scientific novelty and practical relevance. There is developed the system of the environment ecological state management is intended for definition of the best options for the natural resources management development with consideration of ecological and economical factors. In the process of development of the scientific bases of the transport ecological safety development, there was carried out the analysis of three main conceptual approaches to safety definition. It is proved, that in recent years, due to measurement of the danger level on the base of introduction of the relevant factor, the proposed scientific and methodological apparatus gives the possibilities of operative management of ecological and economic risks at the railway through constant monitoring with the help of the GIS technologies and system analysis.
Enhancement of Operational Reliability of Elements in the Diesel Engine Cooling System of Locomotives
(Kaunas Univ. of Technology, Lithuania, 2020) Zelenko, Yuliia V.; Keršys, A.; Neduzha, Larysa O.
EN: Operating experience of diesel locomotives on railways shows that the use of insufficiently purified water results in the destruction of water cooling systems. This problem is especially acute for areas with increased hardness and mineralization of natural waters. The impact of the water demineralization degree on the corrosion rate of elements in diesel engine cooling systems of locomotives has been researched. The dependence of the corrosion rate for various metals on the degree and depth of desalination and the cooling liquid temperature is proved. Recommendations on optimizing the technology of cation treatment for cooling liquids ensuring the efficiency and durability in the operation of diesel engines of locomotives were developed.
The Impact of Motor Oils Quality on Improving the Reliability in Operation of Traction Rolling Stock
(Kaunas Univ. of Technology, Lithuania, 2020) Zelenko, Yuliia V.; Bezovska, Maryna S.; Skvireckas, R.; Neduzha, Larysa O.
EN: In modern operating conditions of rolling stock, railway safety is one of the priority issues. The safe operation of traction rolling stock is impossible without the effective use of all its components. One of the main characteristics of rolling stock is the reliability, the level of which is associated with the efficiency of its operation. The reliability is closely related to such an important issue as the environmental safety in operating of a railway vehicle. Domestic and world experience in operating autonomous locomotives indicates that diesel power plants play a decisive role in this. An important part of diesel engine in a locomotive is the oil system. The annual formation of a significant amount of used oils requires solving the problem of their further safe storage. The article considers the impact of motor oils quality on the reliability in operation of traction rolling stock. In this connection, a new method in recovering of used oils of different marks and returning them to the production process is proposed. This will contribute to increasing the safety in operation of railway equipment on the railways, improved economic performance, minimizing the amount of waste and their negative effect on the environment and so on.
Improving a Method for Eliminating the Spill of Hazardous Substances by Using “Universal Absorbent Cloth”
(PC Technology Center, Kharkiv, Ukraine, 2022) Zelenko, Yuliya V.; Calimbet, Nicolay
ENG: In order to increase efficiency and implement the principles of resource saving during the elimination of emergency spills of dangerous goods when transporting them by rail, proposals have been offered to improve the method of localization and elimination of emissions of hazardous substances using the "Universal Absorbent Cloth" ("UAC") The specificity of localization of the emergency emission site and the principles of elimination based on sorption technologies using "UAC" are described. To manufacture "UAC", special equipment (carbonizer) was designed, which provides effective carbonization of raw materials from plant waste at sufficiently low temperatures ≤500 °C. Using a carbonizer, a universal sorbent was obtained, which is subsequently used for the manufacture of "UAC". The total carbonization time of plant waste samples did not exceed 60 minutes. The universal absorbent obtained during the carbonization process was placed in a fabric matrix to produce "UAC" absorbent cloth. Standardized procedures for conducting experiments are described. Studies of the adsorption characteristics of the proposed "UAC" involving various model solutions (Gasoline A-95, 25 % solution of ammonia water, and 15 % solution of hydrogen peroxide) confirm its versatility and efficiency; the degree of purification reaches 92 %. It is proposed to use certain types of railroad cars to transport "UAC" as part of a freight train, which is supported by the corresponding dynamic indicators. Recommendations for the regeneration or disposal of spent "UAC" cloth are provided. The proposals for improving the method of emergency emission elimination using the "Universal Absorbent Cloth" ("UAC") make it possible to minimize the negative consequences of emergency spills of liquid cargoes of different hazard classes and reduce the time spent on elimination operations. These advantages ensure the competitiveness and profitability of the proposed technology.
Investigation of Antimicrobial Activity of 1,3-Benzoxazine Derivatives
(Інститут молекулярної біології і генетики НАН України, Київ, 2019) Zahorulko, S. P.; Varenichenko, S. A.; Farat, O. K.; Markova, Iryna V.; Markov, V. I.
EN: Aim. To investigate potential antimicrobial activity of 1,3-benzoxazines derivatives. Methods. Synthesis, antimicrobial screening, antimicrobial and antifungal activity testing in vitro. Results. For antimicrobial screening, we chose the compounds that differed from the investigated ones by 30 %. Five compounds were selected and their antimicrobial activity against five bacterium and two fungus strains was studied by the methods of microbial growth inhibition assay. The percentage of growth inhibition of an individual sample is calculated considering a negative control (media only) and a positive control (bacterial / fungal media without inhibitors). The results obtained showed that compounds 2-[5-(4-nitrophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-3-yl]phenol and 6,8-diisopropylspiro[1,3- benzoxazine-2,1’-cyclohexan]-4(3H)-one in concentration of 32 μg/ml have the highest activity against Acinetobacter baumannii - 43 % and 27 %, respectively. The compound, 6,8-diisopropyl- 2-methyl-2-(4-nitrophenyl)-2,3-dihydro-4H-1,3-benzoxazine-4-one showed the fungicidal activity against the Candida albicans strain. Conclusion. The derivatives of 1,3-benzoxazines exhibit a moderate antimicrobial activity, which allows the recommendation to continue the search for effective antimicrobials among the chemical compounds of this group, in particular, through the targeted synthesis of new compounds with predicted antimicrobial properties.
Investigation of Heavy Metal Sources on Railways: Ballast Layer and Herbicides
(WNGB Scientific Publishing House, Lublin, Poland, 2020) Samarska, Alla V.; Zelenko, Yuliya V.; Kovrov, Oleksandr S.
EN: Railway operation can result in the significant environment contamination with heavy metals. The aim of the study was to broaden the knowledge about the railway transport as a source of heavy metals. Railway ballast stones and herbicides were chosen as the objects of the research since these contamination sources on railways are hardly investigated. The location of sampling the ballast stones was a passenger station, which is characterized by the high traffic intensity. The three most common glyphosate-based herbicides and two combination system herbicides of burn-down with other active agents were chosen for the analysis. The heavy metal content in the railway ballast stones was detected by means of XRF, in the herbicides ‒ by means of MP-AES. The railway ballast stones did not contain a sufficient amount of Cd, Co, Mo, Pd, Sn and W for detection. Pb and As were detected at the low concentration of less than 35 ppm only in several samples. The research results showed that the investigated railway ballast contained a significant amount of Fe, Mn, Cu, Cr and Ni. According to the absolute content of HMs in the contaminated ballast layer, they can be arranged in the following sequence: Fe > Mn > Cu > Cr > Ni > Zn > Pb > As. The content of Fe in the contaminated ballast stones was strongly correlated with that of Ni (r = 0.972), Cr (r = 0.954) and Mn (r = 0.943). These metals are components of the railway steel. Therefore, their source can be the abrasion of rails and wheels. All the investigated herbicides contained Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn. The highest content of Cd, Cr, Ni and Pb was detected in the “Anti field bindweed” herbicide, which can be related to its complicated composition. Compared to the heavy metal content in the ballast stones, the herbicides can be considered a negligible source of these pollutants.
Methodology of Risk Assessment and Forms of Environmental Safety Management for the Transport of Dangerous Goods by Railway Transport
(Dnipro National University of Railway Transport named after Academician V. Lazaryan, 2019) Zelenko, Yuliia V.; Dzhus, Oleh; Dzhus, Volodymyr S.; Yanchenko, Dmytro A.
EN: The authors examined the scientific basis for managing environmental and economic risks in the transport of dangerous goods by rail. The importance of optimizing the monitoring of environmental safety and the organization of environmental risk management was noted. The paper presents the interrelation of the functional strategy of ensuring the reliability of the transportation process with other strategies. A new functional strategy and a schematic diagram of the environmental management system for making management decisions to optimize environmental management in railway transport have been proposed. A conceptual apparatus has been developed to identify and determine environmental risks and the principle of their management during the transport of dangerous goods by railway transport.
Optimization of Heat-And-Power Plants Water Purification
(Lviv Politechnic Publishing House, 2019) Zelenko, Yuliya V.; Malovanyy, Myroslav; Tarasova, Lidiya
EN: The effect of the content of natural andanthropogenic pollutants (potentially acidic organicsubstances, synthetic surfactants and petroleum productsin water, which is exposed to desalting) on the efficiencyof КU-2-8 ion exchangers has been studied. To minimizethis negative influence the reagent method was used.Different natural and modified sorbents have beeninvestigated for additional purification of water beforefiltration on cation-exchange filters or periodicregeneration of ion exchangers by the studied reagents.
Phase Composition of Galvanic Iron-Nickel Alloys Obtained Using Pulsed Current
(Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, 2021) Ganich, Ruslan F.; Zabludovsky, Volodymyr O.; Artemchuk, Viktor V.; Zelenko, Yuliia V.; Marcul, Ruslan V.
ENG: The paper presents the results of studying the phase composition of iron-nickel alloys obtained by unsteady electrolysis. It was found that the use of a unipolar pulse current leads to a significant increase in the crystallization overvoltage at the crystallization front at the moment of the pulse action, which affects the component composition of the coatings. The phase composition of the alloys formed at the cathode differs from that shown in the iron-nickel equilibrium diagram.
Resource Saving and Eco-Friendly Technology for Disposal of Used Railroad Engine Oils
(Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska (Annual Set The Environment Protection), 2020) Zelenko, Yuliia; Bezovska, Maryna; Kuznetsov, Valeriy; Muntian, Antonina
EN: The article deals with the problems of handling used motor oils on the railways of Ukraine. At the moment, this waste is transferred to other enterprises for disposal. But, based on international experience, it is advisable to be regenerated directly at the enterprise where it is formed. The purpose of this work is to develop a modern scheme for oil waste disposal. In this regard, various indicators were investigated, reflecting both the operational suitability of oils and their toxicological parameters. As a result, we proposed a scheme and selected special equipment for handling the used engine oils, which allows to reduce the technogenic load associated with their accumulation, handling and minimization, contributes to the return of oil to the technological process. The calculated value of the conditional environmental effect and the approximate payback period allowed us to draw conclusions about the undoubted environmental and economic effect of implementing the proposed scheme.
Technological and Ecological Aspects of Disposal of Spent Cutting Fluids
(Polish Society of Ecological Engineering (PTIE), 2021) Zelenko, Yuliia; Bezovska, Maryna; Kuznetsov, Valeriy; Muntian, Antonina
EN: Processing of metals by cutting under modern conditions becomes impossible without the use of effective cutting fluids. The main purpose of cutting fluids is cooling, lubrication of the workpiece processing area. Spent emulsion is a special type of wastewater, very dangerous to the environment, as it contains a large number of persistently emulsified petroleum products. The methods using various surfactants were tested for the cutting fluid disposal. The obtained results allowed proposing a general flow diagram of treatment of spent cutting fluids, as well as a block diagram of their purification. After processing the spent cutting fluids according to the proposed diagram, two products were obtained, namely water and sludge. This technology can be used in metalworking shops of railway enterprises, as well as the enterprises of machine-building, metallurgical and other industries where CFeffluents are formed within the wastewater complex. It will provide both an economic result through the reuse of water and will give a significant environmental effect by minimizing the amount of hazardous waste.
The Temporal Dynamics of Readily Available Soil Moisture for Plants in the Technosols of the Nikopol Manganese ore Basin
(Дніпровський національний університет ім. О. Гончара, 2019) Kunah, O. M.; Zelenko, Yuliia V.; Fedushko, M. P.; Babchenko, A. V.; Sirovatko, V. O.; Zhukov, O. V.
EN: The restoration of a stable and productive ecosystem after drastic disturbances to the natural environment due to mining and open-cast mining may be achieved by means of reclamation. Investigation of the hydrological budget of technosols is important task in developing adequate approaches to reclamation. Sod lithogenic soils on red-brown clay, on grey-green clay were chosen as the objects of the investigation. The simulation of moisture content in Nikopol Manganese Ore Basin technosols was performed using the Penman-Monteith approach and evaluated the role of the dependence of soils’ surface albedo on the humidity in the intensity of evapotranspiration. The research was conducted during 2013–2015 at the station for research on reclaimed land within the Nikopol Manganese Ore Basin (city Pokrov, Ukraine). The experimental area for the study of optimal modes of agricultural reclamation was created in 1968–1970. Precipitation in the investigated area was found to fall very unevenly in time. In 2013, the duration of the rainless period was 259 days, in 2014 – 264 days, in 2015 – 261 days. The maximum daily rainfall varies within 18–49 mm. There are significant interannual differences in the intensity of rainfall. The minimum total annual precipitation in 2014 was due to a decrease in atypical rainfall in late winter and early winter. The maximum annual rainfall in 2015 was caused by intense rainfall both in the spring and in mid-summer and late autumn. The average annual temperature was 11.1 ºC and the annual totals did not statistically significantly vary within the study period. The average wind speed and average atmospheric humidity are statistically significantly different from year to year. The technosols’ colour properties and surface albedo varied depending on the moisture content. There is a linear relationship between the moisture content in the soil and albedo of the soil surface. The evaluation of readily available water content was carried out based on the Penman-Monteith model taking into account meteorological data, the water-physical properties of the technosols and the dependence of soil surface albedo on soil humidity. The distribution of this index for different teсhnosols is characterized by a high level of similarity of shape due to the fact that the overall climate factors are crucial in shaping the dynamics of moisture. A complex mixture of normal distributions is the best model for representing the experimental data. The readily available water content distribution can best be represented as a mixture of two normal distributions. The relatively high moisture level is characterized for winter and spring periods. Water content in sod-lithogenic soils on red-brown clay over the period of research never reached the value of the permanent wilting point. In 2013, the period when the moisture content was less than the value of the permanent wilting point lasted 23 days, and in 2014 this period lasted 39 days. Thus, you can always expect the phenomenon of drought under typical climatic conditions for the technosols on grey-green clay. It was found that monitoring water supplies before the start of the growing season can provide valuable information necessary for the selection of crops for cultivation in the current year. The results indicate the urgency of measures to save the winter rainfall on the fields.
Анализ технологий рационального использования нефтесодержащих отходов на железнодорожном транспорте
(Днепропетровский национальный университет железнодорожного транспорта имени академика В. Лазаряна, Днепропетровск, 2010) Зеленько, Юлия Владимировна
UK: На підприємствах залізниці щорічно утворюється і накопичується велика кількість нафтовміщуючих відходів, метод утилізації яких залежить від їх конкретного виду, кількості і властивостей. У даній статті розглядаються основні методи їх раціональної утилізації, попередні заходи й основні методи регенерації нафтозабруднених грунтів і відпрацьованих олив з можливістю їх повернення в сировинну базу.