Кафедра "Проєктування і будівництво доріг" <br> (з 2021 року ввійшла до складу кафедри "Транспортна інфраструктура")

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ENG: Department "Design and Construction of Roads"
(since 2021 it has become a part of the Department of Transport Infrastructure)

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The Advisability of Using Dual Gauge for Expansion of the International Traffic
(Printing House “Technologija”, Kaunas, Lithuania, 2020) Kurhan, Mykola ; Kurhan, Dmytro ; Husak, Marina ; Hmelevska, Nelya
ENG: The possibilities of railway transport for the organization of transportation between the countries are not used to the full extent, since there are a number of technical reasons. The usage of dual gauge (1435/1520 mm) is one of the solutions. As an example of using dual gauge is the international project "Rail Baltica", Lviv railway and etc.
The Effectiveness Evaluation of International Railway Transportation in the Direction of “Ukraine – European Union”
(Kaunas University of Technology, 2018) Kurhan, Mykola ; Kurhan, Dmytro
ENG: The paper presents results of a study concerning the development of railway transit traffic in international transport. It identifies problematic issues at the border crossing in the direction of "Ukraine–European Union" and ways to eliminate them. During the research methods of analysis and synthesis were used to study statistical materials and the main provisions of scientific papers about the state and prospects for the development of European and domestic systems of inter-national railway transportation. In order to predict the volume of international transportation, the experience of creating, operating and optimizing systems including international transport corridors, rolling stock and border station technology at the rail gauge joint of different standards (1435/1520 mm) are taken into account.
Forecasting of Passenger Traffic upon Implementation of High-Speed Running
(Дніпропетровський національний університет залізничного транспорту імені академіка В. Лазаряна, Дніпро, 2017) Kurhan, Mykola ; Kurhan, Dmytro
ENG: Purpose. Forecasting of passenger traffic flows in the future is an essential and integral part of the complex process of designing of high-speed network (HSN). HSN direction and its parameters are determined by the volume of passenger traffic, the estimated value of which depends on the economic performance of the country, as well as the material status of citizens living in HSN concentration area, transport mobility of population, development of competing modes of transport and so on. The purpose of this work is to analyse the existing methods of passenger traffic forecasting, to evaluate errors of the existing models concerning determination of traffic volumes and to specify the scientific approach to the development of high-speed rail transport in Ukraine. Methodology. The existing forecasting methods are reduced to the following ones: Delphi approach, extrapolation method, factor and correlation analysis, simulation method. The method described in this paper is based on scientific approaches such as analysis – a comprehensive and detailed study of various aspects of the known forecasting methods, comparing of existing methods for establishing differences and similarities, as well as deduction – use of general knowledge to get the new particular one. Thus, the unified indicators determined for the country as a whole, such as gross domestic product, national income, total population and others cannot be used to forecast the traffic flow on specific areas of HSN construction. Therefore, it is necessary to move from the overall forecast to traffic volume forecast on particular direction. Findings. The conclusions are derived from the analysis of different approaches and methods of passenger flow forecasting. It is proposed to create typical techniques of traffic flow forecasting using modern mathematical methods that would allow avoiding unreasonable decisions and shortening project development time. The resulting recommendations will help in the efficiency of design decisions, as well as will determine the quality of the project in whole and the feasibility of its implementation in particular. Originality. The scientific approaches to forecasting the passenger traffic volume in HSN agglomeration area were further developed. The HSN feasibility study criteria system was updated; this system takes into account passenger transit flows through Ukraine, the population of the cities covered by the high-speed network, mobility of population and other factors. Practical value. The data obtained by authors can be used to justify the concept of highspeed rail transport development in Ukraine, to create a high-speed network and to phase HSN construction.
Impact of The Variable Stiffness Section on The Conditions of Track and Rolling Stock Interaction
(IOP Publishing Ltd., 2020) Kurhan, Dmytro ; Kurhan, Mykola ; Husak, Marina
ENG: Railway track stiffness is one of the main parameters that determine the track and rolling stock interaction. The inelasticity of the rail base may occur for two reasons: either as a consequence of the deteriorated condition of a track or due to the structural features of a section. As a rule, areas before bridges or tunnels are treated. Today, there are several options for relevant design solutions. The main purpose of this work is to determine the characteristics of a "railway track" object with which it can be represented in the rolling stock models in the simplest way possible but adequate for sections of transient stiffness. The railway track is introduced into the rolling stock model as a sequence of elements with which the wheels of the rolling stock interact. It is assumed that a single element in its characteristics must be equivalent to the track response when passing the wheel from one inter-sleeper section to the next one, that is, to reproduce a sequence that is cyclically repeated. Such a track element will be characterized by reduced mass, stiffness and dissipation factor.
Improvement of The Railway Track Efficiency by Minimizing the Rail Wear in Curves
(IOP Publishing Ltd., 2020) Kurhan, Mykola ; Kurhan, Dmytro ; Novik, R.; Baydak, Sergii; Hmelevska, Nelya
ENG: The article presents the analysis results for the parameters measurements of the rail track and the ratio between values of the vertical and side wears of rails in curves of different radii under different operating conditions. It is shown that the installed elevations of the outer rail do not meet the contemporary requirements in increasing the efficiency of the track while minimizing the rail wear. At the second stage of the research, various sections were examined by type of traction, technical equipment, plan parameters and the longitudinal profile. As an example, the results of calculations are presented in Lviv-Rava-Ruska section as a promising project that can ensure the integration of railway transport in Lviv-Warsaw direction. Analysis of the results obtained with the help of the software package – MoveRW and RWPlan programmes, allowed to determine such a combination of elevations of the outer rail in curves, so that trains of different categories realize the lowest values of cross unbalanced accelerations, which provide the minimum wear of rails in compliance with regulatory requirements for unbalanced acceleration, changing this acceleration in time, elevating speed of a wheel on the removal of the outer rail.
Improving the Efficiency of the Heating System for Public Buildings Infrastructure in the Context of DNURT
(Дніпропетровський національний університет залізничного транспорту імені академіка В. Лазаряна, Дніпропетровськ, 2016) Pshinko, Oleksandr M.; Kuznetsov, Valeriy; Yatsenko, Dmytro K.; Gabrіnets, Volodymyr O.
EN: Purpose. The paper analyses the possibility and terms of increasing the efficiency of heating and ventilation systems of public buildings at the present stage of development and the specific climatic conditions of Ukraine. The main purpose is to develop specific measures for public buildings, which will lead to a significant reduction in energy costs for heating and air conditioning system. The example is similar system of DNURT compact campus, which is heated with its own autonomous boiler that uses natural gas. Methodology. The statistical heat loss analysis for the last 5 years allows defining the types and calculating the heat loss values for specific conditions. These losses are compared with those in the world practice and based on the comparison and analysis of the current system there are offered the ways to reduce the heat loss values through the use of various technical and organizational methods. The paper also proposes involvement for this purpose of secondary and alternative energy sources. The secondary energy resources include the heat that is emitted by people and that coming out with the air during ventilation of buildings. The renewable sources include solar and geothermal energy. To enhance the heat transfer medium temperature capacity it is proposed to use the heat pumps. Findings. The maximum possible use of the proposed measures and implementation of rational schematic and engineering solutions for heat and hot water supply systems cam reduce the energy loss for heating and hot water by 30-35%. Originality. The paper for the first time proposed the use of new integrated approaches to maintain the desired heat balance in the winter period, as well as the new schematic solutions for heating and ventilation systems, both in winter and in summer, based on the use of heat pumps and secondary energy resources. Practical value. The introduction of the proposed schematic solutions and approaches demand relatively small capital investments and do not require significant reconstruction of already installed systems.
Investigation of the Operation of the Railway Track with Reinforced Concrete Sleepers in Curved Sections with Radius R ≤ 350 m
(Printing House “Technologija”, Kaunas, Lithuania, 2020) Markul, Ruslan V.; Hubar, Oleksіy V.; Arbuzov, Maxim; Andrieiev, Volodymyr S.; Tiutkin, Oleksii L.; Savyts’kyy, V.; Ganich, Ruslan Ph.
ENG: The article presents the results of the research on polygon extension for laying reinforced concrete sleepers under difficult conditions (R≤350 m, mountainous terrain) with ensuring safety traffic and reliable operation of the railway track. Changes in the geometry of the track in the plane with wooden sleepers and Д0 fastener as well as reinforced concrete sleepers with СКД65-Б fastener in the curve with the radius of 350 m were investigated. The results of the research allowed to obtain: - method and algorithm for determining the tapping section of the track gauge extension on reinforced concrete sleepers in curves with radius R ≤ 350 m; - comparative assessment of the track gauge change with the use of Д0 fastener (wooden sleepers) and СКД65-Б fastener (reinforced concrete sleepers) in curves with a radius R ≤ 350 m; - factors impact on the track gauge extension under difficult operating conditions; - empirical dependence of the process of the track gauge width change and the frequency of its adjustment in the cases of СКД65-Б fastener (reinforced concrete sleepers) and Д0 fastener (wooden sleepers) use in curves with radius R ≤ 350 m; - conclusions on the probability and feasibility of concrete sleepers use under mountainous terrain conditions, including difficult operating conditions (R ≤ 350 m).
The Mathematical Support of Machine Surfacing for the Railway Track
(Széchenyi István University, Győr, Hungary, 2020) Kurhan, Dmytro ; Havrylov, Maksym
EN: The condition of a railway track is characterized by many indices, including its geometric shape, both in the horizontal and vertical planes. The purpose of this paper is to create a mathematical tool to ensure the operation of track machines for surfacing, tamping, and alignment, which are equipped with automation systems. The developed mathematical model will be integrated into the AS "Strela" software package which is currently installed on machines. Scientific approaches used in the mathematical model allowed to reduce the operation of machines in "window", to simplify the work of maintenance personnel, to create an information base of track parameters, to establish rational parameters of curves during surfacing.
Modeling the Dynamic Response of Railway Track
(IOP Publishing, Kharkiv, 2019) Kurhan, Dmytro ; Kurhan, Mykola
ENG: The authors developed a model based on the dynamical theory of elasticity, which allows us to describe the dynamic equilibrium of strains of the railway track layers. The model of the stress-strain state for the railway track consists in a combination of the geometry equations of the outline of a part in the system’s space, involved into interaction at a given time and the equations of the dynamic equilibrium of its deformation. Considering the obligation to register the course of the process in time, for each time step of integration the outline of the strains propagations front is determined. The strains propagations front is described by the equations of propagation in the material of the elastic spatial wave of oscillations. It allows determining complete spatial-temporal account of the deflection dynamics of the rail support, which enables the execution of calculations, including for conditions of fast-speed and high-speed trains. With the application of the developed model, a number of scientific and practical problems were solved.
Problems of Providing International Railway Transport
(Український державний університет залізничного транспорту, Харків, 2018) Kurhan, Mykola ; Kurhan, Dmytro
ENG: Due to its geographic location and developed transport infrastructure, Ukraine has a significant potential in the development of cargo transportation, primarily in international traffic, in particular as a transistor country in the logistics chain of trade between Asia and Europe. The possibilities of railway transport for the organization of transportation between the countries of the European Union and Ukraine are not used to the full extent, since there is a number of technical reasons of the transport systems incompatibility between Ukraine and European countries. In the course of the research, methods of analysis and synthesis were used to study prospects of the European and domestic system of international railway transportations, the experience of creating, operating and optimizing these systems. To compare the above mentioned options, the authors developed a model for predicting and assessing the efficiency of railway transport from the border of one state to the border of the other one.
Providing the Railway Transit Traffic Ukraine–European Union
(Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest, 2019) Kurhan, Mykola ; Kurhan, Dmytro
ENG: The authors developed a model for predicting and assessing the efficiency of railway transport from the border of one state to the border of the other one, taking into account all expenditures by the net present value indicator net present value of discounted cash flow. The results allows planning measures to accelerate the cargo delivery, both on the territory of Ukraine, and during the transfer of cargoes at border stations, to predict the revenue generation from the implementation of international transportation, which is very important for attracting investments.
Railway Track Representation in Mathematical Model of Vehicles Movement
(Дніпропетровський національний університет залізничного транспорту імені академіка В. Лазаряна, Дніпро, 2017) Kurhan, Mykola ; Kurhan, Dmytro
ENG: Purpose. The tasks of modeling the interaction of track and rolling stock are basic ones for most areas of modern scientific research of railway transport. The compilation of the model by the principle of Lagrange d'Alembert has found a very wide application for solving the problems of rolling stock dynamics. Representation of the railway track in the model of vehicle movement can be implemented in several ways, which, among other things, will differ in detail. The purpose of this work is to create a methodology for representing the railway track in mathematical models of interaction with rolling stock and obtaining practical results for different characteristics and design of the track and the level of maximum speed. Methodology. The problem consists of determining such track characteristics as the reduced mass, the stiffness coefficient, and the dissipation coefficient. As a tool for solving this problem we used the model of the stress-strain behavior of the railway track based on the joint use of the elastic wave propagation equations to describe the topography of the part of the system that is involved in the interaction at a given time and the equations of dynamic equilibrium of its deformation. This makes it possible to take into account the dynamics of the deflection of the underrail base, which is especially important for the conditions of passenger traffic, which can be carried out at high speed. Findings. The authors obtained theoretically justified stiffness and dissipation coefficients of the railway track for calculating the dynamics of rolling stock in modern models based on systems of equations in accordance with the Lagrange d'Alembert principle. The established values, in contrast to those given in other sources, have a reasonable dependence on the track design and the speed of movement. Originality. The authors expanded the approaches of railroad track representation in models of rolling stock described by systems of equations by the Lagrange-d'Alembert principle. The paper presents the developed method for determining the characteristics of the railway track for such models is based on the results of variant calculations of the dynamic deflection of the rail from the passage of the wheel. Practical value. The authors obtained the values of the stiffness and dissipation coefficients of the railway track depending on the design and speed of motion for practical use in appropriate models of interaction between track and rolling stock.
Rationale of Priority Areas of Rail Operation in North-Eastern Europe
(Kaunas Univ. of Technology, Palanga, Lithuania, 2019) Kurhan, Mykola ; Kurhan, Dmytro ; Černiauskaite, L.
ENG: Abstract. The methodology for assessing the importance of railway routes by generalized ratings reduced to the geometric a criterion has been further developed. The results were obtained for the countries of Eastern Europe, including the extension of the Rail Baltica line. The geometric average of the relative criteria was applied as a composite index for assessing the routes.
Risk Level Assesment while Organizational-Managerial Decision Making in the Condition of Dynamic External Environment
(Національний технічний університет " Дніпровська політехніка", 2018) Zaiats, Yevhen I.; Kravchunovska, Tetiana S.; Kovalov, Viacheslav V.; Kirnos Olesia V.
EN: Purpose. Forming a complex factor of the project risk level assessment while organizational and economic decision making in a dynamic external environment based on measurement theory. Methodology. The results are obtained through the application of the following methods: scientific generalization – for the formulation of scientific problems and general conclusions; measurement – to assess the project risk level; decision-making – to identify the problems of modeling the tasks of organizational and managerial decision making; modeling – during the elaboration of a risk level complex factor. Findings. The risk uniformity factor is substantiated. It can be used to characterize an investment project in terms of the neighboring risk. This coefficient can be used as a correction one in the formation of a complete evaluation of risk package. Originality. Provisions of quantitative risk assessment in the organization activity in the condition of the dynamic external environment are further developed. The difference from other approaches is the refusal of a priori assumptions about the stochasticity of studied processes and quantities. A distinctive feature of the proposed approach is also the sphere of the risk implementation: it is advantageous to use “risk” not in all situations with random outcomes, but only when this outcome does constitute a significant danger for the decision-making subject. The concept of a “substantial” or “fractional” amount has a convincing objective component, although it is generally subjective. We proceed from the risk concept as a subjective characteristic of the situation in conditions of uncertainty, reflecting possible damage to the subject making a decision. Practical value. The developed methodological regulations considering risk factor influence, based on the offered approach to its quantitative estimation, will increase reliability level of accepted organizational-administrative decisions during the substantiation of project cost and time indicators in the conditions of the dynamic external environment.
Risk Level Assesment While Organizational-Managerial Decision Making in the Condition of Dynamic External Environment
(Національний технічний університет «Дніпровська політехніка», Дніпро, 2018) Zaiats, Yevhen I.; Kravchunovska, Tetiana S.; Kovalov, Viacheslav V.; Kirnos, Olesia V.
EN: Purpose. The purpose of the article is forming a complex factor of the project risk level assessment while organizational and economic decision making in a dynamic external environment based on measurement theory. Methodology. The results are obtained through the application of the following methods: scientific generalization – for the formulation of scientific problems and general conclusions; measurement – to assess the project risk level; decision-making – to identify the problems of modeling the tasks of organizational and managerial decision making; modeling – during the elaboration of a risk level complex factor. Findings. The risk uniformity factor is substantiated. It can be used to characterize an investment project in terms of the neighboring risk. This coefficient can be used as a correction one in the formation of a complete evaluation of risk package. Originality. Provisions of risk quantitative assessment in the organization activity in the condition of the dynamic external environment is further developed. The difference from other approaches is the refusal of a priori assumptions about the stochasticity of studied processes and quantities. A distinctive feature of the proposed approach is also the sphere of the risk implementation: it is advantageous to use “risk” not in all situations with random outcomes, but only when this outcome does present a significant danger for the decision-making subject, i. e. for example, if the outcome is related to the loss of a small amount for the investor, such an outcome is not considered risky. The concept of a “substantial” or “fractional” amount, has convincing objective component, although it is generally subjective. We proceed from the risk concept as a subjective characteristic of the situation in conditions of uncertainty, reflecting possible damage to the making decision subject. Practical value. Developed methodic considering risk factors influence, based on the offered approach to its quantitative estimation, will increase reliability level of accepted organizational-administrative decisions during the substantiation of projects cost and time indicators in the conditions of the dynamic external environment.
Study of the Interaction of the Railway Track and the Rolling Stock Under Conditions of Accelerated Movement
(IOP Publishing, 2020) Hubar, Oleksіy V.; Markul, Ruslan V.; Tiutkin, Oleksii L.; Andrieiev, Volodymyr S.; Arbuzov, Maxim; Kovalchuk, O.
ENG: Comprehensive studies of the interaction of the railway track and the investigated rolling stock under accelerated conditions have been carried out. The basis of the research was to obtain and substantiate the process of stress state, force interaction of the railway track and the rolling stock under conditions of accelerated movement. Introduction of the new rolling stock into continuous operation is a serious task that must be solved comprehensively. The implementation of this direction significantly affects the reliability of the elements of the railway track. Within the framework of the research, the approach was used that takes into account theoretical and experimental parts of the research using the methodology of prof. O. P. Yershkov. As a result of the studies, average stress values were established: in rails, they variate within the range 44.37...70.99 MPa; in the sleeper, they reach 0.78 MPa; in the ballast layer, they have 0.13 MPa; in the body of the subgrade, they reach 0.04 MPa, which is significantly less than the maxima allowable values. While speed change from 140 to 160 km/h, the values of the studied parameters decrease: vertical force (9.39 %), lateral forces (19.79 %); stresses in the edge of the rail flange (15.86 %); stresses in the edge of the rail head (16.67 %); stresses in the neck of the rail (8.74 %). The obtained results made it possible to form trends and recommendations on the feasibility of further increasing speeds development. At the same time, this made it possible to substantiate in more detail the operation of the railway track in the case of accelerated movement.
Use of Container and Piggyback Services in International Railway Traffic
(Springer, Cham, 2020) Kurhan, Mykola ; Kurhan, Dmytro ; Černiauskaite, Laura
ENG: A modern cargo owner imposes rather strict requirements on transport services in terms of delivery time, cargo safety, quality of forwarding services. In the current conditions, it is necessary to explore the possibility of developing new additional types of carriage on rail transport, in close cooperation with the road transport. In the interaction of rail and road transport the reliability, speed and carrying capacity of the first one is combined with the flexibility and efficiency of the other. However, many issues within the framework of interaction between rail and road carriers still require scientific solutions – from the selection of criteria to a comprehensive assessment of the effectiveness of piggyback transportation. Principles of transport service quality management were formulated and evaluation criteria were determined. Piggyback traffic in the direction of Odessa-Klaipeda will allow Ukraine, Belarus and Lithuania to maintain roads, ensure purity of environment, make it possible to save fuel, as well as allow owners and carriers to significantly reduce operating costs and improve the quality of services provided.
Аналіз можливості застосування в Україні рухомого складу з примусовим нахилом кузова вагонів при організації швидкісного руху
(Дніпропетровський національний університет залізничного транспорту імені академіка В. Лазаряна, Дніпропетровськ, 2004) Зубко, А. П.; Корженевич, Іван Петрович; Курган, Микола Борисович; Курган, Дмитро Миколайович
UKR: Проведений аналіз і визначена сфера застосування рухомого складу з примусовим нахилом кузова вагонів.
Аналіз роботи залізниць України з позиції впливу інтенсивності перевезень на знос інфраструктури
(Дніпропетровський національний університет залізничного транспорту імені академіка В. Лазаряна, Дніпропетровськ, 2007) Курган, Микола Борисович; Корженевич, Іван Петрович; Бараш, Юрій Савелійович; Верхоглядова, Наталя Ігорівна
UA: Дана стаття присвячена визначенню впливу інтенсивності перевезень на знос інфраструктури шляхом аналізу роботи залізниць України.
Вибір раціонального значення максимального ухилу під час проектування високошвидкісних магістралей
(Придніпровська державна академія будівництва та архітектури, Дніпропетровськ, 2016) Чернишова, Оксана Сергіївна; Ковальов, Вячеслав Вікторович
UK: В роботі розроблена модель, що дозволить обирати раціональні параметри поздовжнього профілю під час проектування високошвидкісних магістралей в Україні з урахуванням рівня фінансування.